Fig 1. Tpl2 ablation enhances virus replication and inflammatory responses during influenza infection.

(A) WT and Tpl2 ^-/- mice were intranasally infected with 10⁴ pfu of X31 virus, and lung viral titers were enumerated by plaque assays; n = 8 (D3 and D5) or n = 5 (D7). WT and Tpl2 ^-/- mice were infected with 10⁴ pfu of X31 virus, and the cytokine levels (B) and number of cells recovered (C) in BALF were measured on D7 pi; n = 6 uninfected and 10 (WT) and 8 (Tpl2 ^-/-) infected. (D-E) Chimeric mice were intranasally infected with 10⁴ pfu of X31 virus, and lung viral titers were enumerated by plaque assays D3 pi. * indicates p<0.05, ** indicates p<0.01.