Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of patients with HIV-associated multicentric Castleman disease, lymph node Kaposi sarcoma and aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma in Lilongwe, Malawi
| MCD (n=6) | Lymph node KS (n=5) | NHL (n=31) | p (MCD vs KS) | p (MCD vs NHL) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), median (range) | 42.4 (37.2–51.8) | 30.7 (25.6–33.8) | 47.0 (22.4–62.6) | 0.006 | 0.68 |
| Male, n (%) | 4 (66.7%) | 2 (40.0%) | 20 (64.5%) | 0.57 | 1.00 |
| Symptoms ≥6 months, n (%) | 2 (33.3%) | 1 (20.0%) | 2 (6.4%) | 1.00 | 0.12 |
| Subjective fever, n (%) | 4 (66.7%) | 4 (80.0%) | 11 (35.5%) | 1.00 | 0.20 |
| Receiving empiric antituberculous treatment, n (%) | 2 (33.3%) | 1 (20.0%) | 3 (9.7%) | 1.00 | 0.18 |
| Localized adenopathy (vs diffuse), n (%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 13 (41.9%) | – | 0.072 |
| Largest lymph node mass (cm), median (range) | 3 (2–4) | 5 (2–7) | 9 (2–30) | 0.21 | 0.0009 |
| Hepatosplenomegaly, n (%) | 5 (83.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 10 (32.3%) | 0.015 | 0.031 |
| Performance status ≥3, n (%) | 4 (66.7%) | 1 (20.0%) | 6 (19.4%) | 0.24 | 0.035 |
| Mucocutaneous KS, n (%) | 1 (16.7%) | 1 (20.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.00 | 0.16 |
| White blood cells (103/µL), median (range) | 5.0 (2.3–17.1) | 4.8 (3.7–8.5) | 5.7 (3.0–12.0) | 0.71 | 0.88 |
| Haemoglobin (g/dL), median (range) | 6.4 (3.6–9.3) | 11.0 (9.1–12.0) | 11.2 (4.5–15.1) | 0.011 | 0.0007 |
| Platelets (103/µL), median (range) | 84 (27–242) | 180 (131–324) | 222 (77–791) | 0.14 | 0.012 |
| Albumin (g/dL), median (range) | 2.1 (1.7–3.2) | 3.7 (3.2–3.9) | 3.4 (1.8–4.8) | 0.013 | 0.003 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (IU/L), median (range)a | 294 (270–385) | 185 (167–354) | 479 (222–5570) | 0.068 | 0.070 |
| Antiretroviral therapy at enrolment, n (%) | 6 (100.0%) | 3 (60.0%) | 28 (90.3%) | 0.18 | 1.00 |
| Duration (months), median (range) | 56.4 (18.2–105.3) | 14.2 (6.8–21.9) | 13.8 (0.2–98.8) | 0.039 | 0.017 |
| CD4 (cells/µL), median (range) | 208 (108–1146) | 346 (49–607) | 144 (24–2235) | 0.86 | 0.15 |
| HIV RNA (log10 copies/mL), median (range) | 1.3 (1.3–2.6) | 1.3 (1.3–5.5) | 3.1 (1.3–7.0) | 0.53 | 0.067 |
| HIV RNA <400 copies/mL, n (%) | 6 (100.0%) | 3 (60.0%) | 14 (45.2%) | 0.18 | 0.022 |
MCD=multicentric Castleman disease; KS=Kaposi sarcoma; NHL=non-Hodgkin lymphoma;
a
laboratory upper limit of normal is 250 IU/L.