Table 4.

Pharmacological targets for the modulation of dopaminergic and adrenergic pathways by agents targeting metabolism (brand/street names in parentheses).

Reuptake inhibitors/transporter blockers
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors	Nonselective agents: phenelzine (Nardil), tranylcypromine (Parnate), isocarboxazid (Marplan)MAOA selective agents: moclobemide (Aurorix, Manerix) MAOB selective agents: selegiline (Eldepryl, Zelapar, Emsam), rasagiline (Azilect), pargyline (Eutonyl) Harmala alkaloids: harmine, harmaline, tetrahydroharmine, harmalol, harman, norharman found to varying degrees in Nicotiana tabacum (Tobacco; also cigarettes, cigars, chew, hookah, etc.), Banisteriopsis caapi (Ayahausca, Caapi, Yage), Peganum harmala (Harmal, Syrian Rue), Passiflora incarnata (Passion Flower), and Tribulus terrestris (Puncture Vine), among others
Indications	Depression and anxiety, Parkinson’s disease (PD) and dementia, for the recreational purpose
Catechol O-methyl transferase (COMT) inhibitors	Entacapone (Comtan, Stalevo), tolcapone (Tasmar), nitecapone
Indications	Parkinson’s disease (PD)
DOPA decarboxylase (DDC) inhibitors	Benserazide (Prolopa, Madopar, etc.), carbidopa (Lodosyn, Atamet, Parcopa, Sinemet, Stalevo, etc.), methyldopa (Aldomet, Aldoril, Dopamet, Dopegyt, etc.)
Indications	Parkinson’s disease (PD), sympatholytic or antihypertensive agents
Dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH) inhibitors	Disulfiram (Antabuse)
Indications	Drug addiction as an anticraving agent
Dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH) inhibitors	Disulfiram (Antabuse)
Indications	Drug addiction as an anticraving agent
Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) inhibitors	Metirosine (Demser)
Indications	Pheochromocytoma (PCC) as sympatholytic/antihypertensive agent
Others	Hyperforin and adhyperforin [Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s Wort (SJW))], L-theanine [Camellia sinensis (Tea Plant, also known as Black, White, Oolong, Pu-erh, or Green Tea)], and S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe)
Indications	Dietary supplements for depression and anxiety