Fig. 5.

Chronic HG alters protein expression. Mesangial cells were grown in NG or HG. At 48 h, cells were collected and immunobloted for cell growth signaling pathways (A and B), protein degradation markers (C and D), and fibrosis and extracellular matrix (ECM) markers (E–G). p, Phosphorylated; PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homolog. The blots shown are from one experiment and were reprobed for β-actin, which was used as an internal control. Results are representative of at least 3 independent experiments. Data are means ± SD. *P ≤ 0.05; ***P ≤ 0.001; ****P ≤ 0.0001 (as determined by a Student's t-test).