Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of study population
| Parameters | SR | PaAF | PeAF | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basic data | ||||
| Sex, M/F (n) | 11/9 | 7/8 | 13/12 | 0.887 |
| Age (years) | 51.7±10.0 | 50.9±11.7 | 53.3±8.6 | 0.735 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.4±2.6 | 22.8±3.0 | 22.8±3.3 | 0.905 |
| NYHA class I/II/III/IV (n) | 2/6/11/1 | 1/5/9/0 | 1/7/13/4 | 0.545 |
| Echocardiographic parameters | ||||
| LVDd (cm) | 5.4±0.7 | 5.6±0.9 | 5.7±1.1 | 0.583 |
| LVDs (cm) | 3.9±0.6 | 4.2±0.7 | 4.3±1.0 | 0.162 |
| EF (%) | 55.1±3.8 | 52.6±5.3 | 52.2±5.2 | 0.129 |
| LAD (cm) | 4.4±0.5 | 5.3±0.9** | 6.0±0.9**,# | <0.001 |
| PASP (mmHg) | 27.8±9.0 | 40.4±17.8 | 47.2±18.4** | 0.001 |
| Left atrial thrombus (n) | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0.157 |
| Type of mitral disease | ||||
| PMS/PMR/MS+MR | 6/6/8 | 6/4/5 | 9/4/12 | 0.766 |
| Combined TAP | 5 | 3 | 6 | 0.936 |
| Cause of mitral valve disease | ||||
| Degenerative/rheumatic (n) | 8/12 | 5/10 | 6/19 | 0.509 |
| Preoperative drugs (n) | ||||
| Digitalis (n) | 12 | 10 | 21 | 0.170 |
| ACEI or ARB (n) | 8 | 7 | 8 | 0.641 |
| Beta blocker (n) | 4 | 5 | 10 | 0.340 |
| CCB (n) | 10 | 10 | 13 | 0.572 |
| Digoxin (n) | 5 | 6 | 13 | 0.177 |
SR, sinus rhythm; PaAF, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation; PeAF, persistent atrial fibrillation; BMI, Body mass index; NYHA, New York Association; LVDd, left ventricular diastolic diameter; LVDs, left ventricular end-systolic dimension; LAD, left atrial diameter; EF, ejection fraction; PASP, pulmonary artery systolic pressure; ACEI, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; CCB, calcium channel blocker. PMS, pure mitral stenosis; PMR, pure mitral regurgitation; MS+MR, mitral stenosis and mitral regurgitation. TAP, tricuspid valve repair.
**
P<0.01 vs. SR group.
#
P<0.05 vs. PaAF group.