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. 2015 May 25;12(3):3400–3408. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3841

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Copyright © 2015, Spandidos Publications

This is an open-access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License. The article may be redistributed, reproduced, and reused for non-commercial purposes, provided the original source is properly cited.

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Schematic showing the proposed mechanism of action of SAN. SAN inhibits Ang II-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cardiac cells via restoring ROS-mediated decreases in the MMP. SAN inhibits ROS generation and MMP loss induced by Ang II in H9c2 cells. Furthermore, caspase 3 and caspase 9 protein expression and activity were decreased and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio was enhanced accordingly. SAN, sanguinarine; Ang, angiotensin; Bcl-2, B-cell lymphoma 2; Bax, Bcl-2-associated X protein; MMP, mitochondrial membrane potential.