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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Pharmacol Ther. 2015 Jun 11;153:107–124. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.06.006

Figure 1.

Figure 1

A. Vascular casts illustrating the differences in vasculature between normal tissues (colon, subcutis, and skeletal muscle) and malignant tumors (colon, melanoma, and sarcoma). Reprinted with permission from Vaupel. (2004). Tumor microenvironmental physiology and its implications for radiation oncology. Seminars in Radiation Oncology, 14, 198–206. B. Illustration of tumor cells growing as a cord around blood vessels from which they obtain oxygen and nutrients. The left side illustrates oxygen diffusion and utilization from the vessel resulting in the development of chronically hypoxic cells at the outer edge of the cord. The right side shows perfusion through the vessel that has been transiently compromised and results in the development of acute hypoxia; examples of the types of flow/oxygen changes reported during a 60 minute period are illustrated in the 4 panels below. Reprinted with permission from Horsman et al. (2012). Imaging hypoxia to improve radiotherapy outcome. Nature Reviews. Clinical Oncology, 9, 674–687.