Table 3.
Comparison of blood pressure, plasma glucose and insulin concentrations and markers of insulin sensitivity and beta cell function at baseline and follow-up (n = 103)
| Baseline median (IQR) | Follow-up median (IQR) | P-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Blood Pressure | |||
| Systolic | 111 (101–121) | 121 (112–133) | <0.001 |
| Diastolic | 72 (64–80) | 80 (73–89) | <0.001 |
| Glucose | |||
| Fasting | 5.1 (4.7–5.4) | 4.9 (4.7–5.3) | 0.365 |
| 30 min | 6.6 (5.8–7.4) | 6.8 (5.9–8.0) | 0.040 |
| 120 min | 5.4 (4.9–6.3) | 5.6 (4.7–6.8) | 0.028 |
| Insulin | |||
| Fasting | 5.6 (3.3–9.5) | 7.9 (4.1–12.9) | 0.009 |
| 30 min | 35.1 (19.2–66.7) | 177.7 (163.4–192.5) | <0.001 |
| 120 min | 24.0 (13.5–40.2) | 23.7 (10.4–54.9) | 0.993 |
| Glycaemic parameters (without diabetics and outliers) | |||
| HOMA-IRa | 1.2 (0.7–2.2) | 1.6 (0.9–2.7) | 0.089 |
| IGIb | 23.7 (11.9–33.1) | 80.0 (54.0–137.4) | <0.001 |
| DIco | 3.5 (2.3–7.9) | 11.9 (4.9–23.3) | <0.001 |
* Non-parametric paired t-test.
aHOMA-IR = (fasting glucose × fasting insulin)/22.5.
bIGI = ΔInsulin0-30/ΔGlucose0-30.
cDIo [Oral disposition index] = (ΔInsulin0-30/ΔGlucose0-30) × (1/fasting insulin).