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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: DNA Repair (Amst). 2015 Jun 16;33:43–59. doi: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2015.06.003

Figure 1. Eukaryotic replicative helicase and DNA damage checkpoint activation.

Figure 1

The eukaryotic replicative MCM helicase complex is able to unwind past a DNA lesion at the replication fork. The adduct blocks DNA synthesis catalyzed by a trailing replicative DNA polymerase, leading to the generation of single-stranded DNA which is coated by RPA. The ATRIP/ATR complex and other factors are recruited to the site of replication stress, where ATR is activated and can phosphorylate Chk1, leading to cell cycle arrest.