Table 2. Quality assessment of eligible studies by QUADAS-2.
| Study | Risk of bias | Applicability concerns | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient selection | Index test | Reference standard | Flow and timing | Patient selection | Index test | Reference standard | |
| Cincin [25] | Low | High | Low | Unknown | Low | Low | Low |
| Porcel [26] | High | Low | Low | Unknown | Low | Low | Low |
| Valdes [27] | Low | Low | Low | Unknown | Low | Low | Low |
| Marinho [28] | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Long [29] | High | High | Unknown | Unknown | Low | Low | Low |
| Porcel [30] | Low | Low | Low | Unknown | Low | Low | Low |
| Bayram [31] | Low | High | Low | Unknown | Low | Low | Low |
| Han [32] | Low | Unknown | Low | Unknown | Low | Low | Low |
| Liao [33] | Low | High | Low | Unknown | Low | Low | Low |
| Porcel [34] | Low | High | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| Kolditz [35] | Low | High | Low | Unknown | Low | Low | Low |
| Gegenhuber [36] | Low | High | Low | Unknown | Low | Low | Low |
| Porcel [37] | Unknown | High | Low | Unknown | Low | Low | Low |
| Tomcsanyi [38] | High | High | Unknown | Unknown | Low | Low | Low |