Table 1.
Characteristics of Medicare Beneficiaries Who Used Warfarinin the Month Prior to Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI),by Warfarin Use During the Year Following Hospital Discharge
| Warfarin Usea |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Total Sample (N = 10 782) |
None (n = 4971) |
1-6 mo (n = 1877) |
7-12 mo (n = 3934) |
P
Valueb |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 81.3 (7.3) | 82.4 (7.3) | 81.0 (7.4) | 80.1 (7.2) | <.001 |
|
| |||||
| Sex, No. (%) | |||||
|
| |||||
| Female | 6932 (64) | 3315 (63) | 1186 (63) | 2611 (66) | .003 |
|
| |||||
| Male | 3850 (36) | 1836 (37) | 691 (37) | 1323 (34) | |
|
| |||||
| Race, No. (%) | |||||
|
| |||||
| White | 9964 (92) | 4571 (92) | 1734 (92) | 3659 (93) | .31 |
|
| |||||
| Black | 375 (3) | 191 (4) | 65 (4) | 119 (3) | |
|
| |||||
| Other | 443 (4) | 209 (4) | 78 (4) | 156 (4) | |
|
| |||||
| Comorbid disease at TBI hospitalization, No. (%) |
|||||
|
| |||||
| ADRD | 3663 (34) | 1948 (39) | 655 (35) | 1060 (27) | <.001 |
|
| |||||
| Acute myocardial infarction | 1266 (12) | 625 (13) | 242 (13) | 399 (10) | .001 |
|
| |||||
| Anemia | 8319 (77) | 3903 (79) | 1490 (79) | 2926 (74) | <.001 |
|
| |||||
| Atrial fibrillation | 8843 (82) | 3978 (80) | 1532 (82) | 3333 (85) | <.001 |
|
| |||||
| Heart failure | 8115 (75) | 3709 (75) | 1487 (79) | 2920 (74) | <.001 |
|
| |||||
| Chronic kidney disease | 4085 (38) | 1952 (39) | 765 (41) | 1368 (35) | <.001 |
|
| |||||
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 5020 (47) | 2231 (45) | 957 (51) | 1832 (47) | <.001 |
|
| |||||
| Hypertension | 10 345 (96) | 4780 (96) | 1796 (96) | 3769 (96) | .58 |
|
| |||||
| Ischemic heart disease | 9142 (85) | 4175 (84) | 1642 (87) | 3325 (85) | .001 |
|
| |||||
| Malignant neoplasm | 2240 (21) | 1067 (21) | 388 (21) | 785 (20) | .22 |
|
| |||||
| Valvular heart disease | 2172 (20) | 881 (18) | 422 (22) | 869 (22) | <.001 |
|
| |||||
| Length of stay, No. (%), d | |||||
|
| |||||
| 0-2 | 2596 (24) | 791 (16) | 538 (29) | 1267 (32) | |
|
|
|||||
| 3-5 | 4150 (38) | 1837 (37) | 734 (39) | 1579 (40) | <.001 |
|
| |||||
| 6-8 | 1728 (16) | 927 (19) | 289 (15) | 512 (13) | |
|
|
|||||
| ≥9 | 2308 (21) | 1416 (28) | 316 (17) | 576 (15) | |
|
| |||||
| Follow-up after TBI, mean (SD), d | 594.9 (405.6) | 482.2 (423.7) | 515.9 (385.5) | 775.1 (318.7) | <.001 |
|
| |||||
| Discharge to SNF, No. (%) | 4282 (40) | 2358 (47) | 719 (38) | 1205 (31) | <.001 |
|
| |||||
| CHADS2 score >2, No. (%) | 8997 (83) | 4223 (85) | 1577 (84) | 3197 (81) | <.001 |
|
| |||||
| Modified HEMORR2HAGES score >3, No. (%) |
6228 (58) | 2994 (60) | 1141 (61) | 2093 (53) | <.001 |
|
| |||||
| Previous event, No. (%) | |||||
|
| |||||
| Hemorrhagic | 1936 (18) | 969 (19) | 350 (19) | 617 (16) | <.001 |
|
| |||||
| Thrombotic | 3083 (29) | 1498 (30) | 580 (31) | 1005 (26) | <.001 |
Abbreviations: ADRD, Alzheimer disease and related dementias; CHADS2, congestive heart failure, hypertension, age≥75 years, diabetes mellitus, prior stroke or transient ischemic attack; SNF, skilled nursing facility.
a
Percentages may not total 100% because of rounding.
b
Χ2 Or analysis of variance P value represents comparison between warfarin use resumption groups.