Table 3.

Association of biomarker levels at the early time point with the later diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension

Biomarker	PH (n = 12)	No PH (n = 21)	p value
IL-5	1.1 (1.0–1.7)	1.0 (0.8–1.7)	0.38
IL-8	17.5 (6.01–153.2)	7.6 (5.2–19.4)	0.20
IL-12	2.9 (2.0–8.2)	1.8 (1.5–3.3)	0.03
TNF-α	7.2 (4.6–22.3)	5.9 (4.3–10.0)	0.50
VEGF	386.7 (183.1–661.6)	388.81 (199.0–498.2)	0.91
bFGF	16.8 (7.1–42.7)	11.8 (6.3–19.5)	0.41
PlGF	24.9 (20.9–26.8)	19.3 (15.1–24.8)	0.07
sFlt-1	124.0 (101.5–138.5)	99.2 (84.2–113.0)	0.02
HGF	249.0 (148.1–568.0)	176.1 (139.2–253.9)	0.18

Abbreviations: bFGF basic fibroblast growth factor, HGF hepatocyte growth factor, IL interleukin, PH pulmonary hypertension, PlGF placental growth factor, sFlt-1 soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1, TNF tumor necrosis factor, VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor

Data are presented as median (interquartile range) in picograms per milliliter