Table 3.
Alignment of HN amino acid sequences of recent Taiwanese isolates and previously published virus strains was performed using the DNASTAR software
| Amino acid residues | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strains | HR-A 74-89 | HR-B 96-110 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Clone 30 | L | G | S | N | Q | D | V | V | D | R | I | Y | K | Q | V | A | L | L | N | T | E | T | T | I | M | N | A | I | S | L | ||
| B1 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| LaSota | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | K | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| Mukteswar | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| Herts/33 | . | S | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| NL/152608/93 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| chicken/Kudus/018/10 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | M | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| chicken/Sweden/97 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| Sterna/Astr/2755/2001 | . | . | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| TW-99-175 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| XJ-2/97 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| JS/1/97/Go | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| BP01 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| JS/5/06/Go | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| HA-14-07-Ch | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| JSD0812 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| sh09 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| chicken/China/JSX1/2010 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| JS-12-11-Ch | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| NDV/Chicken/TC/1/2011 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| NDV/Chicken/TC/2/2011 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| NDV/Chicken/TC/3/2011 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| NDV/Chicken/TC/4/2011 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| NDV/Chicken/TC/5/2011 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| NDV/Chicken/TC/6/2011 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| NDV/Chicken/TC/7/2011 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| NDV/Chicken/TC/8/2011 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| NDV/Chicken/TC/9/2011 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| PX2/03 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| Chicken/China/Hebei/02/2012 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| Shangdong/02/2012 | . | S | . | G | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| YZCQ/Liaoning/08 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | M | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| Beijing/01/2012 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| SD-02-11-Ch | . | S | . | G | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| Ch/SD672/12 | . | S | . | G | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| Ch/SD754/12 | . | S | . | G | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| Ch/SD755/12 | . | S | . | G | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| Ch/SD758/12 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| Ch/SD01/13 | . | S | . | G | . | . | . | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| TW/99-156B | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| TW-02-301 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | M | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| TW-02-302 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | M | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| TW-04-CB8 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | M | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| TW/08-02 | . | S | . | S | . | . | . | M | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | S | I | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| Amino acid residues | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Strains | Site 23 | Site 1 and 14 | Site 12 | Site 2 and 12 | Site 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Clone 30 | 193-201 | 345-355 | 494 | 513-521 | 569 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| L | S | G | C | R | D | H | S | H | P | D | E | Q | D | Y | Q | I | R | M | A | G | R | I | T | R | V | S | S | S | D | |||
| B1 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| LaSota | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| Mukteswar | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | G | |
| Herts/33 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | R | . | . | |
| NL/152608/93 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| chicken/Kudus/018/10 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | N | |
| chicken/Sweden/97 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | Q | . | . | . | . | . | A | |
| Sterna/Astr/2755/2001 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | V | |
| TW-99-175 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | G | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| XJ-2/97 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| JS/1/97/Go | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | G | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| BP01 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| JS/5/06/Go | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | G | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| HA-14-07-Ch | . | . | D | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | G | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| JSD0812 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| sh09 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| chicken/China/JSX1/2010 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | G | . | . | H | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| JS-12-11-Ch | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| NDV/Chicken/TC/1/2011 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | R | . | . | H | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | N | L | . | . | . | |
| NDV/Chicken/TC/2/2011 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | R | . | . | H | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | N | L | . | . | . | |
| NDV/Chicken/TC/3/2011 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | R | . | . | H | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | N | L | . | . | . | |
| NDV/Chicken/TC/4/2011 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | R | . | . | H | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | N | L | . | . | . | |
| NDV/Chicken/TC/5/2011 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | R | . | . | H | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | N | L | . | . | . | |
| NDV/Chicken/TC/6/2011 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | R | . | . | H | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | N | L | . | . | . | |
| NDV/Chicken/TC/7/2011 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | R | . | . | H | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | N | L | . | . | . | |
| NDV/Chicken/TC/8/2011 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | R | . | . | H | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | N | L | . | . | . | |
| NDV/Chicken/TC/9/2011 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | R | . | . | H | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | N | L | . | . | . | |
| PX2/03 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| Chicken/China/Hebei/02/2012 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| Shangdong/02/2012 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | K | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| YZCQ/Liaoning/08 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | K | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| Beijing/01/2012 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | K | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| SD-02-11-Ch | . | . | . | . | G | . | . | . | . | . | . | K | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| Ch/SD672/12 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | K | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| Ch/SD754/12 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | K | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| Ch/SD755/12 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | K | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| Ch/SD758/12 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | K | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| Ch/SD01/13 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | K | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| TW/99-156B | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | . | . | G | H | . | . | . | . | . | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| TW-02-301 | . | . | . | . | K | . | . | L | . | . | . | G | . | . | . | . | T | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| TW-02-302 | . | . | . | . | K | . | . | . | . | . | . | G | . | . | . | . | T | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| TW-04-CB8 | . | . | . | . | K | . | . | . | . | . | . | G | . | . | . | . | T | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
| TW/08-02 | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | G | . | . | . | . | T | . | . | . | D | . | V | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | |
Residues that are identical to the NDV Clone 30 strain are indicated by a dot (.). The hepta repeated HR-A and HR-B (amino acid residues 74 to 110) and C-terminal extension are indicated above the amino acid sequences. Five antigenic sites on HN protein of NDV, including residues 193–201 (site 23), 345–355 (sites 1 and 14) and a C-terminal domain composed of residues 494 (sites 12), 513-521(sites 12 and 2), and 569 (sites 2) are shown [5]. NL/152608/93: APMV-1/ chicken/NL/ 152608/93; Hebei/01/2012: chicken/China/ Hebei/01/2012; Shandong/ 02/2012: chicken/China/Shandong/02/2012; Beijing/01/2012: chicken/China/ Beijing/01/2012