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Percentages of Patients in IVR and Control Groups With Negative PMI
| Negative PMIa | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Group | Baseline | Time point 1 (4–6 weeks) | Time point 2 (8–10 weeks) |
| IVR | 67% | 56% | 37% |
| Control | 72% | 54% | 44% |
Abbreviations: IVR, interactive voice response system (intervention); PMI, pain management index.
The PMI is calculated by subtracting the intensity of the patient’s pain from the strength of the analgesic medication. A negative PMI indicates undermanagement of the patient’s pain.
