Table 1.
Operational Definitions for Individual Landing Error Scoring System Items
| Landing Error Scoring System Item |
Operational Definition of Error |
Scoring |
| Knee flexion: initial contact | The knee is flexed less than 30° at initial contact. | 0 = Absent |
| 1 = Present | ||
| Hip flexion: initial contact | The thigh is in line with the trunk at initial contact. | 0 = Absent |
| 1 = Present | ||
| Trunk flexion: initial contact | The trunk is vertical or extended on the hips at initial contact. | 0 = Absent |
| 1 = Present | ||
| Ankle plantar flexion: initial contact | The foot lands heel to toe or with a flat foot at initial contact. | 0 = Absent |
| 1 = Present | ||
| Medial knee position: initial contact | The center of the patella is medial to the midfoot at initial contact. | 0 = Absent |
| 1 = Present | ||
| Lateral trunk flexion: initial contact | The midline of the trunk is flexed to the left or the right side of the body at initial contact. | 0 = Absent |
| 1 = Present | ||
| Stance width: wide | The feet are positioned greater than shoulder width apart (acromion processes) at initial contact. | 0 = Absent |
| 1 = Present | ||
| Stance width: narrow | The feet are positioned less than shoulder width apart (acromion processes) at initial contact. | 0 = Absent |
| 1 = Present | ||
| Foot position: external rotation | The foot is externally rotated more than 30° between initial contact and maximum knee flexion. | 0 = Absent |
| 1 = Present | ||
| Foot position: internal rotation | The foot is internally rotated more than 30° between initial contact and maximum knee flexion. | 0 = Absent |
| 1 = Present | ||
| Symmetric initial foot contact: initial contact | One foot lands before the other foot or 1 foot lands heel to toe and the other foot lands toe to heel. | 0 = Absent |
| 1 = Present | ||
| Knee-flexion displacement | The knee flexes less than 45° between initial contact and maximum knee flexion. | 0 = Absent |
| 1 = Present | ||
| Hip-flexion displacement | The thigh does not flex more on the trunk between initial contact and maximum knee flexion. | 0 = Absent |
| 1 = Present | ||
| Trunk-flexion displacement | The trunk does not flex more between initial contact and maximum knee flexion. | 0 = Absent |
| 1 = Present | ||
| Medial-knee displacement | At the point of maximum medial knee position, the center of the patella is medial to the midfoot. | 0 = Absent |
| 1 = Present | ||
| Joint displacement | Soft: the participant demonstrates a large amount of trunk, hip, and knee displacement. | 0 = Soft |
| Average: the participant has some, but not a large amount of, trunk, hip, and knee displacement. | 1 = Average | |
| Stiff: the participant goes through very little, if any, trunk, hip, and knee displacement. | 2 = Stiff | |
| Overall impression | Excellent: the participant displays a soft landing with no frontal-plane or transverse-plane motion. | 0 = Excellent |
| Average: all other landings. | 1 = Average | |
| Poor: the participant displays large frontal-plane or transverse-plane motion, or the participant displays a stiff landing with some frontal-plane or transverse-plane motion. | 2 = Poor |