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. 2015 Aug 6;10(8):e0134780. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134780

Table 3. Association of parental education and health indicators with school level assessment (Z-score) (n = 1,865) a .

Crude b Adjusted for maternal education Adjusted for paternal education Adjusted for maternal education and all health indicators Adjusted for paternal education and all health indicators
βc (95% CI) c βc (95% CI) c βc (95% CI) c βc (95% CI) c βc (95% CI) c
Parental education
Maternal education
High (reference) 0 0
Intermediate -0.41 (-0.50;-0.32) -0.41 (-0.50;-0.32)
Low -0.92 (-1.05;-0.80) -0.90 (-1.03;-0.77)
Paternal education
High (reference) 0 0
Intermediate -0.46 (-0.55;-0.36) -0.45 (-0.54;-0.35)
Low -0.92 (-1.04;-0.80) -0.91 (-1.03;-0.79)
Health indicators
Eczema (no. of years) -0.00 (-0.02;0.02) -0.01 (-0.02;0.01) -0.00 (-0.02;0.02) -0.00 (-0.02;0.02) 0.00 (-0.02;0.02)
Asthma symptoms (no. of years) -0.02 (-0.05;0.01) -0.01 (-0.04;0.01) -0.02 (-0.04;0.01) -0.00 (-0.03;0.02) -0.01 (-0.04;0.025)
Poor general health (no. of years) -0.04 (-0.07;0.00) -0.03 (-0.07;0.01) -0.03 (-0.06;0.01) -0.02 (-0.06;0.02) -0.01 (-0.05;0.03)
Freq. respiratory infections (no. of years) -0.03 (-0.07;0.01) -0.01 (-0.05;0.02) -0.02 (-0.06;0.02) 0.00 (-0.04;0.04) -0.00 (-0.04;0.04)
Overweight (no. of years) -0.05 (-0.08;-0.01) -0.03 (-0.06;0.00) -0.02 (-0.05;0.01) -0.03 (-0.06;0.00) -0.02 (-0.05;0.01)
School absence
 0 days (reference) 0 0 0 0 0
 1–2 days 0.07 (-0.04;0.19) 0.01 (-0.10;0.12) 0.04 (-0.06;0.15) 0.02 (-0.09;0.13) 0.04 (-0.06;0.15)
 3–5 days 0.03 (-0.09;0.14) -0.00 (-0.12;0.11) -0.00 (-0.11;0.11) 0.01 (-0.11;0.12) -0.00 (-0.11;0.12)
 >5 days -0.18 (-0.33;-0.03) -0.12 (-0.26;0.02) -0.17 (-0.31;-0.03) -0.10 (-0.24;0.05) -0.15 (-0.29;-0.00)

a Adjusted for the sex of the child

b crude models, only adjusted for sex of the child

c 95% confidence intervals of β.