Fig 1. Study Design.

(A) Diagram illustrating infection and exposure beginning at T₀, immediately after infection. Host cells were infected with Chlamydia (C.) pecorum or C. trachomatis serovar E, exposed to DAMPs in incubation medium, and incubated for 35 or 39 hours, at which time samples were collected for analysis. (B) DAMP exposure beginning at T₁₄, 14 hours after infection. DAMPs were added directly to incubation medium. (C) DAMP exposure beginning at T₀, followed by 35/39-hour incubation, media change for continued DAMP exposure or recovery in the absence of DAMPs, and 24 hours of additional incubation.