Table 3.
Cardiac rehabilitation benefits: risk factor modification
| Meta-analysis, year | Effect Size (95% CI) | p† |
|---|---|---|
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | ||
| Jolliffe et al., 2001 (Ex only) | WMD:−0.03 (−0.27 to 0.22) | 0.8 |
| Jolliffe et al., 2001 (Comprehensive) | WMD: −0.65 (−0.75 to −0.55) | < 0.00001 |
| Brown et al., 2003 (Ex only) | WMD: −0.17 (−0.34 to 0.00) | NS |
| Brown et al., 2003 (Comprehensive) | WMD: −0.71 (−0.83 to −0.60) | < 0.05 |
| Taylor et al., 2004 | WMD: −0.37 (−0.63 to −0.11) | 0.005 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | ||
| Brown et al., 2003 (Ex only) | WMD: 0.04 (−0.01 to 0.10) | NS |
| Brown et al., 2003 (Comprehensive) | WMD: 0.02 (−0.01 to 0.16) | NS |
| Taylor et al., 2004 | WMD: 0.05 (−0.03 to 0.14) | 0.2 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | ||
| Jolliffe et al., 2001 (Comprehensive) | WMD:−0.61 (−0.73 to −0.50) | < 0.00001 |
| Jolliffe et al., 2001 (Ex only) | WMD: −0.02 (−0.33 to 0.30) | 0.9 |
| Brown et al., 2003 (Ex only) | WMD: −0.27 (−0.43 to 0.12) | NS |
| Brown et al., 2003 (Comprehensive) | WMD: −0.52 (−0.7 to −0.31) | < 0.05 |
| Taylor et al., 2004 | WMD: −0.20 (−0.53 to 0.12) | 0.2 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l) | ||
| Jolliffe et al., 2001 (Comprehensive) | WMD: −0.29 (−0.44 to −0.14) | < 0.05 |
| Brown et al., 2003 (Ex only) | WMD: −0.18 (−0.31 to −0.04) | < 0.05 |
| Brown et al., 2003 (Comprehensive) | WMD: −0.29(−0.44 to −0.14) | < 0.05 |
| Taylor et al., 2004 | WMD: −0.23 (−0.39 to −0.07) | 0.005 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | ||
| Jolliffe et al., 2001 (Comprehensive) | WMD: −7.6 (−10.0 to −2.70) | < 0.05 |
| Brown et al., 2003 (Ex only) | WMD: −2.35 (−6.6 to 2.1) | NS |
| Brown et al., 2003 (Comprehensive) | WMD: −3.5 (−6.1 to −0.9) | < 0.05 |
| Taylor et al., 2004 | WMD: −3.19 (−5.44 to −0.95) | < 0.005 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | ||
| Jolliffe et al., 2001 (Comprehensive) | WMD: −2.24 (−3.63 to −0.85) | < 0.05 |
| Brown et al., 2003 (Ex only) | WMD: −1.18 (−2.6 to 4.7) | NS |
| Brown et al., 2003 (Comprehensive) | WMD: −1.62 (−3.27 to 0.02) | NS |
| Taylor et al., 2004 | WMD: −1.18 (−2.68 to −0.32) | < 0.12 |
| Smoking | ||
| Jolliffe et al., 2001 (Comb) | OR= 0.78 (0.55 to 1.11) | NS |
| Brown et al., 2003 (Ex only) | OR= 0.82 (0.62 to 1.18) | NS |
| Brown et al., 2003 (Comprehensive) | OR= 0.76 (0.58 to 1.00) | NS |
| Taylor et al., 2004 | OR= 0.64 (0.50 to 0.83) | 0.0008 |
†
p-value is presented as it was reported in the original paper.
Smoking is self-reported.
Ex, exercise; WMD, weighted mean difference; NS, not significant; Comb, combination of clinical trials that assessed exercise-only CR and comprehensive CR.