. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Sep 1.

Published in final edited form as: Dent Mater. 2015 Jun 24;31(9):1038–1051. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2015.06.004

Table 1.

Mean (± standard deviation) of the minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) of the zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles and antibacterial activity (inhibition halos, in mm) of the prepared electrospun membranes against Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn).

Bacteria	CHX (control)	MIC, in µg/mL
Bacteria	CHX (control)	2,500	5,000	10,000
Pg	^A 11.7 (±0.6) ^a	^A 8.3 (±1.2) ^b	^A 9.0 (±1.0) ^b	^A 8.0 (±0.6) ^b
Fn	^A 10.3 (±0.6) ^a	^B 0.0 ^c	^B 5.3 (±0.6) ^b	^A 9.3 (±1.2) ^a

ZnO content (wt.%)	Pg		Fn

	PCL	PCL/GEL	PCL	PCL/GEL

0	^C 0.0 ^a	^C 0.0 ^a	^D 0.0 ^a	^C 0.0 ^a
5	^B 6.3 (±0.6) ^b	^B 7.7 (±0.6) ^a	^C 6.7 (±1.2) ^b	^B 11.3 (±0.6) ^a
15	^AB 9.0 (±1.0) ^a	^B 8.3 (±0.6) ^a	^BC 9.0 (±1.7) b	^B 11.7 (±0.6) ^a
30	^A 11.7 (±2.9) ^a	^B 8.3 (±0.6) ^b	^A 14.3 (±0.6) ^a	^A 13.7 (±0.6) ^a
CHX (control)	^AB 10.0 (±1.0) ^a	^A 11.0 (±1.0) ^a	^B 9.7 (±0.6) ^b	^AB 12.3 (±0.6) ^a

Distinct uppercase letters in a same column and lowercase letters in a same row indicate statistically significant differences among groups tested (p < 0.05).

CHX: chlorhexidine; PCL: Poly(ε-caprolactone); PCL/GEL: mixture of PCL and gelatin (50:50 ratio, w/w).