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. 2015 Aug 7;5:12898. doi: 10.1038/srep12898

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MSC were pretreated with Ex-4 (0–20 nM) for 24 h and were then incubated with 0.3 mM H₂O₂ for 12 h. Cell apoptosis were confirmed by Annexin V/PI (A,C) and TUNEL staining (B,D). (E) Caspase3 activity assay. ^¥P < 0.05 vs. control group; *P < 0.05 vs. H₂O₂ group; ^#P < 0.05 vs. Ex-4 group; LY, LY294002.