Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants
| Major groups | Progression rate | CKD diagnosis | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy (17) | CKD (18) | Rapid (13) | Slow (22) | HN (6) | GN/DN (8) | Other (4) | |
| Age | 47.8 (10.6) | 63.7 (16.3) | 63.8 (18.3) | 51.5 (13.0) | 77.8 (4.9) | 61.6 (12.3) | 47.0 (20.3) |
| Male gender (%) | 58.8 | 72.2 | 84.6 | 54.5 | 100 | 87.5 | 0.0 |
| Diabetes Mellitus (%) | 0.0 | 33.3 | 38.5 | 4.5 | 33.3 * | 37.5 | 0.0 |
| Cardiovascular disease (%) | 0.0 | 55.6 | 53.8 | 13.6 | 83.3 | 37.5 | 50.0 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 87.2 (5.4) | 17.4 (7.2) | 16.6 (6.9) | 71.0 (30.2) | 16.7 (8.6) | 19.6 (7.7) | 14.0 (1.4) |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) decline per year | −0.3 (1.4) | −6.7 (5.1) | −8.9 (4.6) | −0.6 (1.4) | −5.8 (1.9) | −6.4 (5.1) | −8.8 (8.4) |
| Albuminuria (dipstick) | |||||||
| Trace/+ (%) | 17.7 | 22.2 | 23.1 | 18.2 | 33.3 | 25.0 | 0.0 |
| ++/+++ (%) | 0.0 | 55.6 | 61.6 | 9.1 | 33.3 | 62.5 | 75.0 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 131.8 (14.3) | 144.2 (24.6) | 144.1 (28.5) | 134.8 (15.5) | 142.2 (21.1) | 146.6 (32.5) | 142.3 (20.0) |
| Hgb (g/dl) | 14.2 (1.3) | 11.6 (1.5) | 11.5 (1.3) | 13.6 (1.7) | 11.2 (1.7) | 11.9 (1.6) | 11.8 (1.1) |
| K (mmol/l) | 4.1 (0.3) | 4.5 (0.6) | 4.6 (0.6) | 4.2 (0.4) | 4.6 (0.6) | 4.7 (0.5) | 4.2 (0.7) |
| Ca (mmol/l) | 2.3 (0.1) | 2.3 (0.1) | 2.3 (0.2) | 2.3 (0.1) | 2.3 (0.2) | 2.3 (0.1) | 2.2 (0.02) |
| P (mmol/l) | 1.1 (0.1) | 1.4 (0.5) | 1.5 (0.5) | 1.1 (0.2) | 1.6 (0.7) | 1.3 (0.4) | 1.4 (0.3) |
| Urea (mmol/l) | 6.1 (1.1) | 23.5 (8.5) | 24.1 (8.3) | 10.0 (8.2) | 26.0 (10.7) | 22.9 (5.8) | 21.3 (10.3) |
| PTH (pmol/l) | 3.5 (0.7) | 28.2 (23.4) | 30.5 (27.0) | 7.2 (10.3) | 25.3 (17.4) | 29.3 (36.0) | 30.0 (15.1) |
| Bicarbonate (mmol/l) | 24.9 (2.4) | 20.8 (2.3) | 21.0 (2.4) | 24.0 (3.0) | 20.7 (2.9) | 21.0 (2.2) | 20.5 (1.9) |
Data are mean (1SD) or percentages. Rapid progressors: eGFR declined more than 4 ml/min/1.73m2 per year. Slow progressors: eGFR declined less than 4 ml/min/1.73 m2 per year.
GN glomerulonephritis, DN diabetic nephropathy, HN hypertensive nephropathy, Other other CKD diagnosis.
* One patient fulfilled the diabetes criteria just before study inclusion and another had nephrosclerosis only in his kidney biopsy.