| Bacteria |
(i) Many different expression vectors |
(i) Different codon usage |
| (ii) Different bacterial strains for different purposes |
(ii) No post-translational modifications |
| (iii) Easy overexpression of the protein of interest |
(iii) No organelles and thus no protein sorting |
| (iv) High protein yield |
(iv) Inclusion-body formation |
| (v) Cost-effective systems available |
| Yeasts |
(i) Easy cell handling and high cell yield |
(i) Protein yield sometimes limited |
| (ii) Protein sorting and secretion |
(ii) N- and O-glycosylation might be different from higher eukaryotic cells |
| (iii) Post-translational modifications possible |
| (iv) Cells can be genetically manipulated |
| (v) Strong promoters available |
| Mammalian cell lines (HEK, CHO) |
(i) Post-translational modifications |
(i) Expensive system |
| (ii) Protein sorting |
(ii) Slow cell growth, limited cell yield |
| (iii) Secretory proteins can be isolated from culture media |
(iii) Limited overexpression rates |
| (iv) Genetic manipulations are difficult |
| (v) Transfection of cells may be difficult |
| Baculovirus-infected insect cells |
(i) Post-translational modifications |
(i) Expensive system |
| (ii) Protein sorting |
(ii) Time-consuming cultivation system |
| (iii) Very potent promotors are available |
| (iv) Effective expression system |
