Cellularized multi-channel collagen-membrane devices. (A) Immunocytochemical stain showing coculture of endothelial cells and lung epithelial cells, partway through the culturing process. Green, CD31; red, F-actin; blue, nuclei. Scale bar: 50 μm. (B) Oxygen transfer per unit time in devices cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells in the channels and A549 parenchymal cells in the air chamber. For (B, C), *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 by two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-test comparing configurations within each group (C) Carbon dioxide clearance per unit time in devices with cell coculture as in (B). Color images available online at www.liebertpub.com/tea