FIG. 5.

Five-layer scaffold with neutralizing antibodies throughout (third-generation design). (A) Schematic of scaffold dimensions and contents after optimization by mathematical modeling (left); photographs of three-layer scaffolds, in which selected layers have been labeled with orcein (middle); and orientation of scaffolds for mathematical modeling and luciferase imaging (right). (B) Slice plots illustrating concentration profiles of TGF-β3 (upper row) and BMP-4 (lower row) over 7 days, as simulated in COMSOL Multiphysics. Values reported in g/mL. (C) Representative images (left) and quantification (right) of photon flux density through scaffold zones at 24 h after seeding with PAI-Luc or BRE-Luc cells (n=3 for each reporter line). Asterisks indicate statistical significance at p<0.05. Color images available online at www.liebertpub.com/tea