Table 3. Emergency Department Visit Rates for Hypoglycemia and Hyperglycemic Crisis Among Adults With Treated Diabetes 2006–2011.
| Characteristic | Rate per 100 (95% CI) | Percentage change | P for Trend | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | |||
| Hypoglycemia | ||||||||
| Crude rate, by age, y | ||||||||
| Overall | 2.2 (2.0,2.4) | 2.2 (2.0,2.3) | 2.0 (1.8,2.1) | 1.8 (1.6,1.9) | 1.7 (1.6,1.8) | 1.6 (1.5,1.7) | -26.1 (-34.2,-18.1) | <0.001 |
| 18 to 44 | 2.7 (2.2,3.2) | 3.2 (2.6,3.7) | 3.0 (2.3,3.6) | 2.1 (1.7,2.4) | 2.2 (1.9,2.6) | 2.2 (1.8,2.5) | -19.3 (-38.1,-0.6) | 0.10 |
| 45 to 64 | 1.5 (1.4,1.7) | 1.5 (1.3,1.6) | 1.3 (1.1,1.4) | 1.2 (1.1,1.3) | 1.2 (1.1,1.4) | 1.2 (1.1,1.2) | -23.8 (-34.1,-13.6) | 0.02 |
| 65 to 74 | 2.0 (1.8,2.3) | 1.8 (1.6,2.1) | 1.8 (1.6,2.0) | 1.7 (1.5,1.9) | 1.6 (1.4,1.7) | 1.4 (1.3,1.5) | -30.9 (-41.8,-19.9) | <0.001 |
| ≥75 | 3.6 (3.1,4.1) | 3.8 (3.2,4.4) | 3.7 (3.1,4.2) | 3.2 (2.8,3.6) | 2.7 (2.4,3.1) | 2.8 (2.5,3.2) | -22.1 (-36.4,-7.8) | 0.01 |
| Age-adjusted By sex a | ||||||||
| Overall | 2.2 (2.0,2.3) | 2.2 (2.0,2.4) | 2.1 (1.9,2.2) | 1.8 (1.6,1.9) | 1.7 (1.6,1.9) | 1.7 (1.5,1.8) | -24.0 (-32.2,-15.7) | 0.002 |
| Men | 2.2 (1.9,2.4) | 2.2 (1.9,2.4) | 2.0 (1.8,2.3) | 1.7 (1.5,1.8) | 1.6 (1.4,1.8) | 1.6 (1.4,1.7) | -27.6 (-37.7,-17.6) | 0.006 |
| Women | 2.2 (1.9,2.4) | 2.2 (2.0,2.5) | 2.1 (1.8,2.3) | 1.9 (1.7,2.1) | 1.8 (1.7,2.0) | 1.7 (1.6,1.9) | -19.9 (-30.7,-9.1) | 0.001 |
| Hyperglycemic crisis | ||||||||
| Crude rate, by age, y | ||||||||
| Overall | 0.9 (0.8,1.0) | 0.9 (0.8,1.0) | 0.9 (0.8,1.0) | 0.9 (0.8,1.0) | 0.9 (0.8,1.0) | 1.0 (0.9,1.1) | 8.7 (-3.9,21.3) | 0.38 |
| 18 to 44 | 4.0 (3.3,4.7) | 5.0 (4.1,6.0) | 5.0 (4.0,6.0) | 3.9 (3.3,4.6) | 4.3 (3.5,5.0) | 4.7 (4,5.4.0) | 18.8 (-8.2,45.9) | 0.72 |
| 45 to 64 | 0.6 (0.5,0.6) | 0.6 (0.5,0.6) | 0.5 (0.5,0.6) | 0.6 (0.5,0.6) | 0.6 (0.6,0.7) | 0.7 (0.6,0.7) | 15.3 (0,30.5) | 0.11 |
| 65 to 74 | 0.2 (0.2,0.2) | 0.2 (0.2,0.2) | 0.2 (0.2,0.2) | 0.2 (0.2,0.2) | 0.2 (0.2,0.2) | 0.2 (0.2,0.3) | 20.0 (4.7,35.3) | 0.04 |
| ≥75 | 0.2 (0.2,0.2) | 0.2 (0.2,0.2) | 0.2 (0.2,0.2) | 0.2 (0.2,0.2) | 0.2 (0.2,0.2) | 0.3 (0.2,0.3) | 25.0 (-6.4,56.4) | 0.08 |
| Age-adjusted, by sex a | ||||||||
| Overall | 0.9 (0.8,1.0) | 1.1 (0.9,1.2) | 1.1 (0.9,1.2) | 0.9 (0.8,1.0) | 1.0 (0.9,1.1) | 1.1 (1,1.2.0) | 18.5 (-1.3,38.3) | 0.40 |
| Men | 1.0 (0.8,1.1) | 1.1 (0.9,1.3) | 1.1 (0.8,1.3) | 0.9 (0.7,1.0) | 0.9 (0.8,1.1) | 1.1 (0.9,1.3) | 12.2 (-11.8,36.3) | 0.90 |
| Women | 0.9 (0.7,1.0) | 1.0 (0.8,1.2) | 1.1 (0.9,1.3) | 1.0 (0.9,1.1) | 1.0 (0.9,1.2) | 1.1 (0.9,1.2) | 24.1 (-1.0,49.3) | 0.04 |
Abbreviations: ED, emergency department; CI, confidence interval.
Data from the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample and National Health Interview Survey (NHIS).
a Age-adjusted to population of adults with diabetes in 2010 based on NHIS, using age groups 18–44 years, 45–64 years, 65–74 years, and ≥75 years.
Boldface indicates statistical significance (p<0.05)