Table 4.
Associations between Individual Biomarkers with Diastolic Dysfunction, Pulmonary Hypertension, and All-cause Mortality in HIV-Infected Participants
| Outcome | Demographic adjusted RR (95% CI) | Fully adjusted* RR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Diastolic Dysfunction | ||
| ST2 | 1.43 (1.06, 1.92), p=0.02 | 1.36 (1.00, 1.85), p=0.047 |
| NT-proBNP | 1.01 (0.93, 1.11), p=0.75 | 1.00 (0.91, 1.10), p=0.96 |
| hsCRP | 1.06 (0.97, 1.16), p=0.23 | 1.08 (0.98, 1.18), p=0.12 |
| GDF-15 | 1.08 (0.96, 1.22), p=0.18 | 1.05 (0.92, 1.19), p=0.47 |
| Cystatin C | 1.19 (0.90, 1.57), p=0.22 | 1.11 (0.80, 1.54), p=0.52 |
| IL-6 | 1.09 (0.99, 1.20), p=0.08 | 1.09 (0.98, 1.20), p=0.11 |
| D-dimer | 1.17 (0.99, 1.38), p=0.07 | 1.17 (0.98, 1.39), p=0.09 |
| Detectable Troponin | 1.19 (0.83, 1.73), p=0.35 | 1.10 (0.75, 1.60), p=0.63 |
| Pulmonary Hypertension | ||
| ST2 | 1.18 (0.83, 1.67), p=0.35 | 1.21 (0.84, 1.75), p=0.29 |
| NT-proBNP | 1.15 (1.04, 1.26), p=0.004 | 1.18 (1.04, 1.32), p=0.007 |
| hsCRP | 1.07 (0.96, 1.19), p=0.25 | 1.03 (0.90, 1.17), p=0.71 |
| GDF-15 | 1.19 (1.03, 1.37), p=0.02 | 1.18 (1.01, 1.39), p=0.04 |
| Cystatin C | 1.33 (0.97, 1.83), p=0.08 | 1.54 (1.04, 2.29), p=0.03 |
| IL-6 | 1.02 (0.91, 1.14), p=0.74 | 1.03 (0.91, 1.17), p=0.62 |
| D-dimer | 1.11 (0.90, 1.37), p=0.32 | 1.06 (0.85, 1.33), p=0.59 |
| Detectable Troponin | 0.76 (0.45, 1.26), p=0.28 | 0.84 (0.49, 1.42), p=0.51 |
|
| ||
| All-cause mortality | Demographic adjusted HR (95% CI) | Fully adjusted** HR (95% CI) |
|
| ||
| ST2 | 2.30 (1.40, 3.77), p=0.0011 | 2.04 (1.19, 3.50), p=0.010 |
| NT-proBNP | 1.28 (1.10, 1.48), p=0.0012 | 1.20 (1.00, 1.44), p=0.054 |
| hsCRP | 1.19 (1.00, 1.43), p=0.055 | 1.25 (1.03, 1.51), p=0.023 |
| GDF-15 | 1.52 (1.22, 1.89), p<0.001 | 1.42 (1.11, 1.82), p=0.0054 |
| Cystatin C | 1.71 (1.07, 2.74), p=0.025 | 1.18 (0.56, 2.50), p=0.66 |
| IL-6 | 1.23 (0.99, 1.54), p=0.063 | 1.05 (0.86, 1.28), p=0.64 |
| D-dimer | 1.84 (1.35, 2.50), p<0.001 | 1.49 (1.04, 2.12), p=0.029 |
| Detectable Troponin | 1.36 (0.68, 2.72), p=0.38 | 1.09 (0.52, 2.30), p=0.81 |
*
For Diastolic Dysfunction and Pulmonary Hypertension, fully adjusted Poisson models control for age, gender, ethnicity, CVD risk factors (history of DM, HTN, Prior CAD, Prior MI, CHF, CKD, family history of CAD, Prior Stroke, current tobacco use, HDL, LDL), CD4 count, and HIVRNA.
**
For All-cause mortality, fully adjusted Cox models control for age, gender, ethnicity, HIVRNA, HCV, history of OI, use of aspirin or clopidogrel, and current CD4 count.