Fig. 1.

Mechanism of hsp70-induced inhibition of autophagy. Hsp70 activates the protein kinase, Akt, leading to its phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Phosphorylated mTOR combines with an adaptor protein, RAPTOR, to form the complex known as mTORC1. mTORC1 inhibits the induction of autophagy and, concomitantly, induces the phosphorylation and activation of heat shock factor (HSF) 1. HSF1 binds to the HSP70-2 gene, leading to production of the hsp70 protein