Figure 3.

Constructing the brain acute pain representation map from resting state brain activity. a. Brain regions identified for the reverse inference for the term “pain”, which identifies 311 PubMed studies in the Neurosynth meta-analysis tool (Yarkoni et al., 2011). The map is thresholded for z-values larger than 3.0. Highest confidence activations (z-values > 8.0) are localized to six brain regions: bilateral secondary somatosensory cortex (S2), anterior cingulate (ACC), bilateral anterior and posterior insula (aINS, pINS), thalamus (TH), and periaqueductal grey (PAG). b. Resting state functional connectivity networks for the six main nodes most robustly associated with the term “pain”. Functional connectivity is derived from resting state activity from 1000 subjects (Biswal et al., 2010), generated in Neurosynth (thresholded at correlation values > 0.3, approximately corresponding to > 3 standard deviations from baseline). Essentially the same network is identified when ACC, aINS, or S2 are used as seeds. The pINS seed identifies bilateral pINS as well as posterior cingulate/supplementary motor area. The TH network is limited to bilateral thalamus, and PAG seed only shows connectivity limited to itself. c. Overlap between the map for the term “pain” and sum of six resting state networks. Blue is the same map shown in panel a. Red is the sum of all functional connections identified in panel b. The overlap between red and blue maps is 72% of the blue map.