Table 2.

Description of some problems associated with diabetes and possible nanomedicine solutions.

Measurement problems	Nanometrology solutions
Continuous blood glucose monitoring Stable implanted enzyme electrodes Noninvasive monitoring	Biocompatible nanofilms “Smart tattoo” of glucose Nanosensors
Improved diagnosis Targeted molecular imaging Understanding mechanisms	NIR QDs, gold nanoparticles Single-molecule detection
Therapy problems	Nanotherapeutic solutions
Improved insulin delivery Islet cell transplantation Oral insulin Closed-loop insulin delivery	Islet nanoencapsulation Insulin nanoparticles   Artificial nanopancreas