Table 2.
Intraoperative and postoperative procedure characteristics of the patients.
| Item | Control | Cap1hr | Cap3d | Cap1hr+Iso | Cap3d+Iso |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operation time (min) | 147 ± 43 | 147 ± 45 | 142 ± 41 | 144 ± 45 | 148 ± 42 |
| Aortic clamping time (min) | 46 ± 18 | 46 ± 17 | 45 ± 19 | 47 ± 16 | 43 ± 18 |
| Bypass time (min) | 65 ± 19 | 67 ± 19 | 68 ± 20 | 67 ± 22 | 68 ± 21 |
| Automatic rebeating rate (%) | 40 | 50# | 50# | 70* | 80* |
| Arrhythmia incidence (%) | 45 | 35* | 35* | 30* | 20* |
| Dopamine (mg) | 687 ± 63 | 513 ± 71∗# | 478 ± 67∗# | 317 ± 46* | 243 ± 54∗# |
| Sodium nitroprusside (mg) | 813 ± 64 | 796 ± 66# | 749 ± 81# | 706 ± 83* | 641 ± 83∗# |
| ICU stay (h) | 68.6 ± 9.1 | 62.0 ± 8.9∗# | 59.1 ± 8.8∗# | 54.5 ± 8.9* | 43.1 ± 9.3* |
| Hospital stay (d) | 16.2 ± 2.5 | 14.69 ± 2.9∗# | 13.2 ± 2.8* | 12.8 ± 2.1* | 10.3 ± 1.6∗# |
| Death in hospital (n) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Control: untreated control; Cap1hr: captopril treatment for 1 h before surgery (12.5 mg, p.o., 1 h before surgery); Cap3d: captopril treatment for 3 days (12.5 mg, p.o., 3 times a day) before surgery; Cap1hr+Iso: captopril treatment for 1 h in combination with inhalational isoflurane (Iso) at 1.1% end tidal concentration administrated for 30 min before CPB; Cap3d+Iso: captopril treatment for 3 days in combination with Iso before CPB. Values are means ± S.D. or the number of patients. * P < 0.05 versus Control, # P < 0.05 versus Cap1hr+Iso.