Table 2.

Logistic Regression Parameters for Ever Employed as Teen

Sample by Residential History in DHA during Teen Years	EVER IN DHA		CURRENTLY IN DHA		MOSTLY IN DHA
Child Characteristics
Latina Female	0.690	0.304	0.600	0.355	0.693	0.384
Latino Male	0.467	0.197	0.453	0.253	0.512	0.266
African American Female	0.520	0.174	0.388	0.197	0.456	0.212
First born in family (omitted=no)	1.367	0.354	1.586	0.480	1.562	0.462
Ave. # of siblings during HS	0.812	0.135	0.792	0.148	0.825	0.155
child age 15 at time of survey	0.094**	0.068	0.105**	0.085	0.094**	0.076
child age 16 at time of survey	0.291**	0.133	0.440	0.230	0.345*	0.179
child age 17 at time of survey	0.815	0.299	0.637	0.305	0.598	0.282
Caregiver and Household Characteristics
Caregiver has depressive symptomatology (omitted=no)	1.193	0.386	1.347	0.486	1.307	0.461
Caregiver age at time of child’s birth	0.813	0.142	0.782	0.158	0.792	0.155
Immigrant status (omitted=no)	0.869	0.335	0.907	0.370	0.867	0.349
Caregiver history of substance abuse (omitted=no)	0.930	0.380	0.818	0.338	0.760	0.314
Caregiver disability status (omitted=not disabled)	0.882	0.109	0.853	0.157	0.840	0.144
Caregiver had technical degree when child 1st worked (omitted=none)	0.754	0.341	0.539	0.295	0.452	0.238
Caregiver had HS diploma when child 1st worked (omitted=none)	0.967	0.307	1.013	0.343	0.917	0.312
Caregiver had college degree when child 1st worked (omitted=none)	0.794	0.373	0.778	0.382	0.756	0.360
Proportion of HS when two caregivers in household	0.859	0.113	0.963	0.148	0.960	0.144
Log of average household income during HS	1.812*	0.446	1.349	0.358	1.385	0.367
Caregiver availability to monitor child at least part-time during HS	1.635	0.764	0.837	0.421	0.944	0.479
Ave. household stressor scale during HS (range 0–5)	0.781	0.105	0.615**	0.114	0.623**	0.111
Proportion of HS when household had health insurance	1.101	0.144	1.078	0.151	1.062	0.147
Total # moves during HS	0.886	0.100	0.985	0.144	0.928	0.126
Macroeconomic Characteristics
National GDP annual growth rate when child first worked	1.013	0.114	1.055	0.142	1.045	0.135
Neighborhood Characteristics
Ave. prop. HS spent in neighborhood w/ bad peers	1.074	0.182	1.145	0.245	1.217	0.255
Ave. social capital scale during HS (range 0–6)	1.162	0.160	1.158	0.182	1.144	0.179
Ave. social problems scale during HS (range 0–5)	1.249	0.238	1.252	0.309	1.232	0.291
Ave. social vulnerability scale during HS (range 0–400)	0.785	0.239	0.552	0.219	0.593	0.221
Ave. percent African American residents during HS	0.740	0.159	0.836	0.260	0.856	0.246
Ave. percent Latino residents during HS	0.564	0.201	0.708	0.307	0.726	0.304
Ave. occupational prestige score during HS (range (0–100)	0.662	0.180	0.740	0.232	0.762	0.225
Ave. percent foreign-born residents during HS	1.058	0.256	0.885	0.256	0.880	0.251
Ave. percent of residents who moved in preceding 12 months during HS	1.168	0.204	1.316	0.301	1.346	0.298
Ave. percent of HS living in neighborhood with hospitals and clinics	1.276	0.180	1.033	0.191	1.143	0.201
Ave. resource factor scale during HS	0.805	0.185	1.165	0.333	1.020	0.285
Ave. percent of housing built before 1940 during HS	1.234	0.193	1.555*	0.329	1.491*	0.292
Ave. violent crime rate per 1,000 during HS	0.554	0.173	0.727	0.287	0.725	0.274
Ave. property crime rate per 1,000 during HS	1.775*	0.429	2.090*	0.600	1.776*	0.492
Ave. child abuse and neglect rate per 1,000 during HS	1.504*	0.296	1.410	0.315	1.475	0.327
Observations	444		339		352
Log Likelihood	−244.5		−176.0		−185.4
N clusters	272		218		226
chi2	82.44		77.86		81.38
p	0.0000398		0.000147		0.0000542
Pseudo-R2	0.196		0.244		0.231

Exponentiated coefficients; Robust SEs adjusted for clustering by CISID in 2nd column;

^*p<0.05;

^**p<.01:

^***p<.001