Table 1. Honey bee immune genes.
The Apis mellifera genome encodes major members of insect immune pathways including those depicted in Figure 1 and listed by gene name, pathway, and accession number in this table. Bold text indicates genes differentially expressed in virus-infected honey bees, and the specific virus and citation are provided for each. Transcript variants, the majority of which were predicted using Gnomon and the NCBI RefSeq Database, are listed although many have not been experimentally verified as expressed transcripts, nor been specifically implicated in antiviral defense. A list of additional honey bee immune related genes is provided in Supporting Table S1.
| Gene name | Pathway | Accession Number | Virus | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| abaecin | AMP | NM_001011617.1 | SINV | Flenniken and Andino 2013 |
| apidaecin 1 (apid 1) | AMP | NM_001011613.1 | SINV, DWV | Flenniken and Andino 2013, Kuster et al. 2014 |
| apidaecin 1 (apid73) | AMP | XM_006572699.1 | SINV, DWV | Flenniken and Andino 2013, Kuster et al. 2014 |
| apidaecin type 22 (apid22) | AMP | NM_001011642.1 | SINV, DWV | Flenniken and Andino 2013, Kuster et al. 2014 |
| hymenoptaecin | AMP | NM_001011615.1 | SINV, DWV | Flenniken and Andino 2013, Kuster et al. 2014 |
| defensin-2 | AMP | NM_001011638.1 | DWV | Kuster et el. 2014 |
| apisimin | AMP | NM_001011582.1 | ||
| defensin-1 | AMP | NM_001011616.2 | ||
| vago | antivir | XM_395092.4 | DWV | Ryabov et al. 2014 |
| nimrod c1 (nimc1) | EGF Family | XM_006561053.1 | SINV | Flenniken and Andino 2013 |
| phospholipase a2 (pla2) | Eicosanoid | NM_001011614.1 | ||
| unc-80/endocytosis | Endocytosis | XM_006558847.1 | SINV | Flenniken and Andino 2013 |
| dscam | IG superfamily | * see caption | SINV | Flenniken and Andino 2013 |
| relish (rel), var x1 | IMD | XM_006562219.1 | DWV | Kuster et el. 2014 |
| relish (rel), var x2 | IMD | XM_006562220.1 | DWV | Kuster et el. 2014 |
| relish (rel), var x3 | IMD | XM_006562221.1 | DWV | Kuster et el. 2014 |
| fadd | IMD | GB30399 | ||
| imd | IMD | NM_001163717.1 | ||
| ikkγ-kenny | IMD | XM_001120619.3 | ||
| ird5 | IMD | XM_623132.3 | ||
| pgrp-lc | IMD | XM_392452.5 | ||
| dredd | IMD | XM_001120830.1 | ||
| tab, var x1 | IMD | XM_001122664.3 | ||
| tab, var x2 | IMD | XM_006565777.1 | ||
| tak1, var x1 | IMD | XM_006572294.1 | ||
| tak1, var x2 | IMD | XM_397248.5 | ||
| d-pias, var x1 | Jak/STAT | XM_006561055.1 | IAPV | Chen et al. 2014 |
| d-pias, var x2 | Jak/STAT | XM_006561056.1 | IAPV | Chen et al. 2014 |
| d-pias, var x3 | Jak/STAT | XM_623568.4 | IAPV | Chen et al. 2014 |
| hopscotch (hop), var x1 | Jak/STAT | XM_001121783.3 | IAPV | Chen et al. 2014 |
| hopscotch (hop), var x2 | Jak/STAT | XM_006567688.1 | IAPV | Chen et al. 2014 |
| hopscotch (hop), var x3 | Jak/STAT | XM_006567689.1 | IAPV | Chen et al. 2014 |
| hopscotch (hop), var x4 | Jak/STAT | XM_006567690.1 | IAPV | Chen et al. 2014 |
| stat92e-like | Jak/STAT | XM_397181.5 | IAPV | Chen et al. 2014 |
| domeless | Jak/STAT | XM_003251652.2 | ||
| socs-5, var x1 | Jak/STAT | XM_006570603.1 | ||
| socs-5, var x2 | Jak/STAT | XM_624416.4 | ||
| tepb | Jak/STAT | XM_006570965.1 | ||
| tep7, var x1 | Jak/STAT | XM_006565440.1 | ||
| tep7, var x2 | Jak/STAT | XM_006565441.1 | ||
| tepa, var x1 | Jak/STAT | XM_006571765.1 | ||
| tepa, var x2 | Jak/STAT | XM_397416.4 | ||
| lysozyme 1 (lys) | Lysozyme | NC_007082.3 | ||
| lysozyme 2 (lys-2) | Lysozyme | NM_001120136.3 | ||
| lysozyme 3 (lys-3), var x1 | Lysozyme | XM_393161.5 | ||
| lysozyme 3 (lys-3), var x2 | Lysozyme | XM_006571783.1 | ||
| nimrod b (nimb) | Phagocytosis | GB12454 | ||
| nimrod a (nima) | Phagocytosis | XM_001120328.3 | ||
| nimrod c2 (nimc2), var x1 | Phagocytosis | XM_006561040.1 | ||
| nimrod c2 (nimc2), var x2 | Phagocytosis | XM_006561041.1 | ||
| nimrod c2 (nimc2), var x3 | Phagocytosis | XM_006561042.1 | ||
| nimrod c2 (nimc2), var x4 | Phagocytosis | XM_006561043.1 | ||
| pi3k, var x1 | PI3K-Akt-Tor | XM_006570469.1 | ||
| pi3k, var x2 | PI3K-Akt-Tor | XM_623894.3 | ||
| target of rapamycin (tor) | PI3K-Akt-Tor | XM_006566642.1 | ||
| akt-interacting protein-like | PI3K-Akt-Tor | XM_625206.4 | ||
| raptor | PI3K-Akt-Tor | XM_624057.4 | IAPV | Chen et al. 2014 |
| phenoloxidase subunit a3 (ppo) | PPO | NM_001011627.1 | ||
| argonaute 2 (ago2) | RNAi | XM_395048.5 | DWV | Galbraith et al. 2015 |
| dicer-like | RNAi | XM_006571316.1 | DWV | Galbraith et al. 2015 |
| lysyl oxidase-like 2 (lox2), var x1 | Scav. Receptor A | XM_006560641.1 | ||
| lysyl oxidase-like 2 (lox2), var x2 | Scav. Receptor A | XM_392090.4 | ||
| nf-κ-β inhibitor cactus 1 | Toll/TLR | NM_001163712.1 | DWV | Galbraith et al. 2015 |
| toll-6 | Toll/TLR | XM_393712.4 | DWV | Galbraith et al. 2015 |
| dorsal, var a | Toll/TLR | NM_001011577.1 | DWV | Nazzi et al 2012 |
| dorsal, var b | Toll/TLR | NM_001171006.1 | ||
| dorsal-2 (dl-2), var x1 | Toll/TLR | XM_006565455.1 | ||
| dorsal-2 (dl-2), var x2 | Toll/TLR | XM_395180.5 | ||
| ikappab kinase-like 2 (ik2) | Toll/TLR | XM_396937.5 | ||
| myd88, var x1 | Toll/TLR | NM_006560439.1 | ||
| myd88, var x2 | Toll/TLR | XM_006560440.1 | ||
| nf-kappa-β inhibitor cact1, var x1 | Toll/TLR | XM_006567107.1 | ||
| nf-kappa-β inhibitor cact1, var x2 | Toll/TLR | XM_006567108.1 | ||
| nf-kappa-β inhibitor cact2 | Toll/TLR | XM_394485.5 | ||
| nf-kappa-β inhibitor cact3, var 2 | Toll/TLR | XM_625153.4 | ||
| spaetzle-like, var x1 | Toll/TLR | XM_003250921.2 | ||
| spaetzle-like, var x2 | Toll/TLR | XM_006566961.1 | ||
| pelle, var x1 | Toll/TLR | XM_006565164.1 | ||
| pelle, var x2 | Toll/TLR | XM_623999.4 | ||
| traf6, var x1 | Toll/TLR | XM_006562507.1 | ||
| traf6, var x2 | Toll/TLR | XM_624204.4 | ||
| toll interacting protein (tollip) | Toll/TLR | XM_624414.4 | ||
| toll-1 | Toll/TLR | XM_006562720.1 | ||
| toll-10 | Toll/TLR | XM_006562853.1 | ||
| toll-8 | Toll/TLR | XM_393713.3 | ||
| tube protein (tub) | Toll/TLR | XM_001121229.3 | ||
| 18-wheeler (18-w)/toll like receptor | Toll/TLR | NM_001013361.1 |
*
Note dscam has 104 transcript variants: NM_001014991.1; XM_006567003.1-XM_006567105.1.