Table 4.

Crude and adjusted analyses of association between siblings and outcomes (in z-score) stratified by sex (The 1993 Pelotas Birth Cohort, Brazil) (Number of participants; β coefficients and 95 % confidence intervals)

	Crude analyses	Adjusted analyses*
	Male	Female	Male	Female
	n	β	95 % CI	P	n	β	95 % CI	P	β	95 % CI	Valor P	β	95 % CI	P
Outcome: fat mass index
Total siblings			< 0·001†				0·023			< 0·001†			0·010
0	213	Reference		245	Reference		Reference		Reference
1	553	− 0·13	− 0·26, − 0·01		621	0·04	− 0·09, 0·18		− 0·13	− 0·27, 0·004		0·02	− 0·13, 0·16
2	460	− 0·14	− 0·27, − 0·01		479	0·08	− 0·06, 0·22		− 0·14	− 0·29, − 0·01		0·05	− 0·10, 0·20
≥ 3	616	− 0·39	− 0·51, − 0·26		601	− 0·08	− 0·22, 0·06		− 0·37	− 0·52, − 0·23		− 0·14	− 0·30, 0·01
Outcome: fat-free mass index
Total siblings			0·164				< 0·001†			0·083†			0·035
0	213	Reference		245	Reference		Reference		Reference
1	553	− 0·07	− 0·19, 0·05		621	0·01	− 0·09, 0·10		− 0·08	− 0·20, 0·04		− 0·01	− 0·11, 0·09
2	460	− 0·09	− 0·21, 0·03		479	0·14	0·04, 0·24		− 0·11	− 0·24, 0·01		0·10	− 0·002, 0·21
≥ 3	616	− 0·13	− 0·24, − 0·01		601	0·15	0·06, 0·25		− 0·12	− 0·25, 0·01		0·06	− 0·04, 0·17
Outcome: BMI
Total siblings			< 0·001†				0·145			< 0·001†			0·067
0	213	Reference		245	Reference		Reference		Reference
1	553	− 0·15	− 0·30, − 0·01		621	0·04	− 0·12, 0·20		− 0·16	− 0·31, 0·001		0·01	− 0·15, 0·18
2	460	− 0·17	− 0·32, − 0·02		479	0·15	− 0·01, 0·31		− 0·19	− 0·36, − 0·03		0·10	− 0·07, 0·27
≥ 3	616	− 0·41	− 0·55, − 0·26		601	0·02	− 0·14, 0·18		− 0·39	− 0·55, − 0·22		− 0·09	− 0·26, 0·09

^*For family income, maternal education, presence of the father, maternal skin colour, maternal age at birth, maternal height, gestational weight gain, pregnancy smoking consumption, pregnancy alcohol consumption, gestational systemic hypertension and gestational diabetes.

^†Linear trend test.