Table 2.

Statistical comparisons of CSF results, clinical and laboratory data

	(log) AI	Tau	GFAP	S100b	NSE
Demography and general data
Age	0.0215	0.0148	NS	NS	NS
Weight	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
Clinical signs and symptoms
Headache	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
Vomiting	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
Seizures	0.0055	0.0003	NS	NS	NS
Rash	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
Hearing loss	NS	0.0075	NS	NS	NS
Photophobia	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
Eschar	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
Visual loss	NS	0.0422	NS	NS	NS
Severity and outcome measures
Outcome	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
GCS	NS	0.0095	0.0107	0.0237	0.0213
WHO meningism	NS	0.0134	0.0272	0.0064	0.0427
WHO AES	NS	0.0001	0.0312	0.0126	NS
WHO men and AES	NS	0.0007	NS	0.0087	NS
Laboratory investigations
CSF opening pressure	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
Turbidity	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
CSF white cells/mm3	< 0.0001	NS	0.0038	0.0024	0.0030
CSF neutrophils/mm3	0.0001	NS	0.0012	0.0017	0.0036
CSF lymphocytes/mm3	0.0004	NS	NS	0.0337	0.0255
Blood/CSF glucose ratio	0.0001	NS	NS	NS	0.0437
CSF lactate > 4 mmol/L	0.0001	NS	0.0001	0.0446	0.0143
CSF glucose < 2.5 mmol/L	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
CSF protein > 40 mg/L	0.0020	NS	NS	0.0481	0.0303
Bilirubin	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
Hematocrit	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS

AES = acute encephalitic syndrome; AI = albumin index; CSF = cerebrospinal fluid; GFAP = glial fibrillary acidic protein; NS = nonsignificant; NSE = neuron-specific enolase; WHO = World Health Organization.

Comparisons across clinical groups were made using the Kruskal–Wallis equality-of-populations rank test. Because of the exploratory nature of this study and multiple comparisons, a conservative P value of < 0.01 was considered significant (shown in bold). Exact P values are reported (for values < 0.05) for Bonferroni correction (α/n, where α = 0.05 and n = number of tests), if preferred.