Table 3.
Crude and adjusted* RR (and 95% CI) of CL for potential risk factors among military personnel who participated in survival training
| Characteristic | Bivariate analysis |
Multiple regression |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n/N (%) | RR (95% CI) | P value | aRR* (95% CI) | P value | |
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 2/32 (6.3) | 1.00 | 0.009 | 1.00 | 0.034 |
| Male | 74/271 (27.3) | 4.37 (1.13, 16.95) | 4.01 (1.11, 14.42) | ||
| Did not wear long-sleeve clothes | |||||
| No | 41/205 (20.0) | 1.00 | 0.002 | 1.00 | 0.005 |
| Yes | 35/95 (36.8) | 1.84 (1.26, 2.69) | 1.71 (1.18, 2.50) | ||
| Outdoor activities at dawn/sunset | |||||
| No | 3/21 (14.3) | 1.00 | 0.227 | 1.00 | 0.223 |
| Yes | 73/279 (26.2) | 1.83 (0.63, 5.32) | 1.98 (0.66, 5.92) | ||
| Did not use insecticide-treated bed nets | |||||
| No | 8/48 (16.7) | 1.00 | 0.135 | 1.00 | 0.210 |
| Yes | 67/249 (26.9) | 1.61 (0.83, 3.14) | 1.53 (0.79, 2.97) | ||
| Slept in open rooms | |||||
| No | 61/260 (23.5) | 1.00 | 0.014 | 1.00 | 0.009 |
| Yes | 15/35 (42.9) | 1.83 (1.18, 2.84) | 1.80 (1.16, 2.79) | ||
| Reported sand fly bites | |||||
| No | 3/30 (10.0) | 1.00 | 0.042 | 1.00 | 0.213 |
| Yes | 73/270 (27.0) | 2.70 (0.91, 8.05) | 2.01 (0.67, 6.01) | ||
aRR = adjusted risk ratio; CI = confidence interval; CL = cutaneous leishmaniasis; RR = risk ratio.
*
Adjusted by sex, not wearing long-sleeve clothes, and sleeping in open rooms.