TABLE 3.

Hierarchical Multiple Regression: Predicting Toddler Effortful Control (N = 147)

Variable	R	R²	R² change	F change	Beta
Model 1	.25	.06	.06	4.68^*
Child age (months)^a					.14^*
Child gender					.09
Model 2	.33	.11	.05	2.57^†
Family socio-economic status					.05
Family income					–13^†
Mothers' education/Total years					–.02
Model 3	.55	.30	.19	12.68^**
Mothers' effortful control					.06
Mothers' negative emotionality					–.05
Mothers' extraversion					.25^*
Model 4	.58	.33	.03	3.07^*
Mothers' internalizing symptoms					–.01
Mothers' stress composite					–.22^**
Model 5	.64	.41	.08	5.65^**
Infant positive affectivity/Surgency (PAS)					–.15^†
Infant regulatory capacity/Orienting (RCO)					.32^**
Infant negative emotionality (NE)					–.09
Model 6	.68	.47	.06	14.29^**
Latency to look away					–.30^**
Model 7	.71	.50	.03	2.92^*
Mothers' effortful control*Infant NE					–.05
Mothers' effortful control*Infant PAS					–.13^†
Mothers' effortful control*Infant RCO					.20^*

Note.

p < .05 level

^**

p < .01 level

^†

p < .10.

Child's age at the time of the final follow-up addressing toddler effortful control.