| Guo, 2013 [89] |
USA, UK, Denmark, Sweden |
Meta-analysis |
194796 total participants, 11459 cancer |
CRP |
Overall cancer |
Summary RR: 1.11 (95% CI: 1.03–1.18) |
Pheterogeneity < 0.0001, I2 = 70% |
| Lee, 2011 [90] |
South Korea, men and women, mean age 55 in cases and 47 in noncases |
Cross-sectional |
80781 without cancer, mean FU |
CRP |
Overall cancer |
OR: 1.94 (95% CI: 1.51-2.51) for CRP >3 versus< 1 mg/L) |
Adjusted for age, sex, BMI, diabetes,hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise, aspirinuse, education level, and income |
| Xu, 2013 [92] |
China, men and women, age 36–68 years |
Case-control |
96 cases, 124 controls |
CRP |
Lung cancer |
OR: 2.11 (95 % CI, 1.66–2.91) for highest quartile versus lowest |
Adjusted for smoking, gender, height, age, race, BMI, education, occupation, and living place |
| Dossus, 2014 [93] |
The E3N prospective cohort, France, women, born between 1925–1950 |
Case control |
549 cases, 1040 controls |
CRP |
Postmenopausal breast cancer |
OR: 1.24 (96% CI: 0.92–1.66) for CRP 2.5–10 mg/L versus< 1.5 mg/L |
Adjusted for matching variables: age at blood collection, menopausal status at blood collection, year of blood collection, centre of collection, and age at menopause |
| Toriola, 2013 [94] |
Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study (WHI-OS), USA, women, age 50–79 years |
Case control |
988 cases, 988 controls |
CRP |
Colorectal cancer |
OR: 1.30 (0.93–1.82) for highest quintile versus lowest |
Matched on age, race, centre, date of blood-draw, baseline hysterectomy status. Adjusted for age, BMI, hormone replacement therapy, previous colonoscopy, pack-years of smoking use |
| Toriola, 2013 [100] |
the Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study (KIHD), Finland, men, age 42–60 years |
Cohort |
203 free from cancer, mean FU 24 years |
CRP |
Prostate cancer |
1.08 (95% CI: 0.74–1.60) for highest tertile versus lowest |
Adjusted for age, examination year, socioeconomic status, alcohol consumption, energy in take, cardiorespiratory fitness, BMI and smoking |
| Toriola, 2011 [97] |
The Finnish Maternity Cohort (FMC), Finland, women, mean age 28.6 (cases) and 28.7 (controls) |
Case control |
91 cases, 115 controls |
CRP |
Ovarian cancer |
OR: 1.62 (0.93–2.83) for highest tertile versus lowest |
Adjusted for age |
| Trabert, 2014 [95] |
The Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial, USA, women, age 55–74 years |
Case control |
149 cases, 149 controls |
CRP |
Ovarian cancer |
OR: 2.04 (1.06–3.93) for highest tertile versus lowest |
Matched on age, race, study centre, time and date of blood collection. Adjusted for BMI, smoking, parity, duration of oral contraceptive use, and duration of menopausal hormone therapy use |
| Aleksandrova, 2014 [96] |
The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), Europe, men and women, 35–75 years |
Case control |
125 cases, 250 controls |
CRP |
Hepato cellular carcinoma |
RR: 1.22 (1.02–1.46) per doubling of serum level |
Matched on study center, sex, age, date of blood collection, fasting status, and time of blood collection. Women were additionally matched on menopausal status and exogenous hormone use. Adjusted for education, smoking, alcohol, diabetes, coffee, HBsAg/anti-HCV, BMI and waist to height ratio (WHtR) |
| Bao, 2013 [98] |
The Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS), the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) the Physicians’ Health Study I (PHS I), the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI), the Women’s Health Study (WHS), USA, |
Case control |
491 cases, 1137 controls |
CRP |
Pancreatic cancer |
OR: 0.99 (0.98–1.01) for every unit increase |
Matched on year of birth, prospective cohort (which concurrently matched on sex), smoking status, fastingstatus, and month of blood draw. Adjusted for race, history of diabetes, BMI, physical activity, current vitamin use, levels of vitamin D and C-peptide |
| Grote, 2012 [99] |
The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition(EPIC), Europe, men andwomen, 35–75 years |
Case control |
455 cases, 455 controls |
CRP |
Pancreatic cancer |
OR: 1.01 (0.92–1.11) per doubling of serumlevel |
Matched on recruitment centre, sex, age, date at entry, time between blood sampling and last consumption of foods and drinks, hormone use. Adjusted for smoking and BMI |
| Calboli, 2011 [101] |
The Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS), the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS), the Physicians’ Health Study (PHS), the Women’s Health Study (WHS), USA, |
Case control |
169 cases, 520 controls |
Total IgE |
Glioma |
OR: 0.97 (0.88–1.07) for every unit increase |
Matched on year of birth, cohort (which automatically matches the sex), month of blood collection, andethnic background. |
| Schlehofer, 2011 [102] |
The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC),Europe, |
Case control |
696 cases, 1188 controls |
Allergen-specific IgE |
Glioma |
OR: 0.73 (0.51–1.06)for positive versus negative |
Matched on study centre, sex, date of birth, age, date and time of blood collection , length of follow-up. Adjusted for education and smoking. Similar non statistically significant results for meningioma and schwannoma |
| Schwartzbaum, 2012 [103] |
The Janus Serum Bankcohort, Norway, men and women, age 35–49 years |
Case control |
594 cases, 1177 cases |
Allergen-specific IgE |
Glioma |
OR: 0.95 (0.75–1.22) for positive versus negative |
Matched on two-year age interval,sex, and date of blood collection |
| Wiemels, 2011 [104] |
USA, men and women, age 20–79 years |
Case control |
61 cases, 192 controls |
Total IgE |
Meningioma |
OR: 0.85 (95% CI:0.75–0.98 |
Matched on five-year age interval, sex, and state of residence. Adjusted for sex, race, smoking, age, education |
