Figure 5.

Peripheral TNF-α administration reduces total fluid intake (a) but does not induce clear anhedonia (b) in the sucrose preference test. Separate groups of naive animals were injected i.p. with TNF-α and tested in the SPT at either 6 h or 24 h. Dashed line indicates chance level for sucrose preference. Graphs are plotted as mean + SEM (n = 10 per group). Data were analyzed by ANOVA followed by independent samples t-test. ^∗ P < 0.05; ^∗∗ P < 0.01 compared to 0 μg/kg TNF-α at the same time point.