Table 5.

Questionari Italiani Temperamento domain mean scores ± SD and η² values by time point for each study group and for a normative standard population (from Axia, 2002).

Subscale	TxMF			TxM			Con			Normative standard
	T1	T2	η2	T1	T2	η2	T1	T2	η2
Motor activity	3.24 ± 0.22	2.88 ± 0.29∗∗∗	0.46	3.23 ± 0.25	3.25 ± 0.23	0.08	2.9 ± 0.45	2.82 ± 0.36	0.09	3.63 ±0.70
Attention capacity	2.97 ± 0.46	3.34 ± 0.36∗	0.65	2.93 ± 0.46	3.00 ± 0.37	0.02	3.32 ± 0.36	3.38 ± 0.36	0.07	3.75 ±0.72
Inhibition to novelty	3.40 ± 0.28	3.35 ± 0.33	0.08	3.37 ± 0.45	3.44 ± 0.22	0.04	3.48 ± 0.29	3.47 ± 0.33	0.08	2.53 ±0.83
Social orientation	2.91 ± 0.25	4.08 ± 0.26∗∗∗	0.57	2.87 ± 0.31	2.96 ± 0.27	0.05	4.06 ± 0.3	4.16 ± 0.27	0.04	4.07 ±0.65
Positive emotionality	3.30 ± 0.65	3.27 ± 0.37	0.06	3.39 ± 0.52	3.45 ± 0.51	0.08	3.47 ± 0.30	3.35 ± 0.30	0.06	4.44 ±0.72
Negative emotionality	3.82 ± 0.65	3.42 ± 0.38∗∗	0.61	3.83 ± 0.34	3.82 ± 0.35	0.05	3.35 ± 0.42	3.42 ± 0.30	0.08	1.97 ±0.61

^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, ^∗∗∗p < 0.001.