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. 2015 Aug 11;6:787. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00787

Table 1.

Determination of temperature-sensitive (ts) phenotypes for RNA viruses.

Classification Species ts strains Location of ts mutation Restrictive Temp for ts (Permissive) Cell type Reference
Family Bunyaviridae
Genus Phlebovirus RVFV MP-12 M- and L-segments 41°C (35°C) Vero Rossi and Turell (1988)
T1 Unknown 41°C (35°C) Vero Rossi and Turell (1988)
UUKV S23 ts6, 7, 8, 11, 12 Unknown 39°C (33°C) CEF Gahmberg (1984)
Genus Orthobunyavirus MAGV MAG ts8 M-segment 38°C (33°C) BHK-21 Pollitt et al. (2006)
LACV RFC/25B.5 Unknown 39.8°C (37°C) BHK-21 Endres et al. (1990)
BUNV rBUNdelNSs with N mutation N protein 38°C (33°C) VeroE6 Eifan and Elliott (2009)
SSHV ts1, 2, 3 Unknown 39.5°C (33°C) BHK-21 Gentsch and Bishop (1976)
AKV OBE-1 strain mutants M- and/or L-segments 40°C (33°C) HmLu-1 Ogawa et al. (2007)
Family Paramixoviridae
Genus Pneumovirus RSV rA2 cpts 248/404 M2 and L 37°C (32°C) Hep-2 Whitehead et al. (1998)
rA2 cpts 248/404/1030 M2 and L 36°C (32°C) Hep-2 Whitehead et al. (1998)
Genus Respirovirus HPIV3 rHPIV3 JS cp45 L 38°C (32°C) LLC-MK2 Skiadopoulos et al. (1998)
HPIV1 rHPIV1 L:F456L L 38°C (32°C) LLC-MK2 Newman et al. (2004)
BPIV3 rBPIV L:I1103V L 40°C (37°C) Vero Haller et al. (2001)
Family Orthomyxoviridae
Genus Influenza virus A Flu A MDV-A NP, PB1, PB2 39°C (33°C) MDCK Jin et al. (2003)
Genus Influenza virus B Flu B MDV-B M1, NP, PA 37°C (33°C) MDCK or PCK Hoffmann et al. (2005)
Family Rhabdoviridae
Genus Vesiculovirus VSV Indiana ts11, 13, 114, 22, 33, 41, 45 L (ts114) 38.5°C (31°C) L Rettenmier et al. (1975)
Family Picornaviridae
Genus Enterovirus PV Sabin Type3 VP3 40°C (35°C) Hep-2c Minor et al. (1989)
Sabin Type2 5′-UTR 39.9°C (35°C) Hep-2c Macadam et al. (1991)
5′-UTR 38.4°C (35°C) BGM
5′-UTR 38.3°C (35°C) Vero F
Sabin Type1 VP1, VP3, VP4, 3Dpol, 3′-UTR 40°C (37°C) HeLa S3 Bouchard et al. (1995)
EV A EV71 (BrCr-ts) VP1 39°C (36°C) Vero Arita et al. (2005)
Family Flaviviridae
Genus Flavivirus DENV rDEN4 NS5 E645A-K646A NS5 39°C (35°C) Vero Hanley et al. (2002)
Not ts HuH-7
WNV rWNV NS4B C102S NS4B 41°C (37°C) Vero Wicker et al. (2006)
JEV M1/311 ts104 Unknown 39°C (35°C) CF Halle and Zebovitz (1977)
LGV E5-104 NS3, E 37°C (32°C) Vero Rumyantsev et al. (2006)

RVFV, Rift Valley fever virus; UUKV, Uukuniemi virus; MAGV, Maguari virus; LACV, La Crosse virus; BUNV, Bunyamwera virus; SSHV, Snowshow hare virus; AKV, Akabane virus; RSV, Respiratory syncytial virus; HPIV, Human parainfluenza virus; VSV, Vesicular stomatitis virus; PV, Poliovirus; EV, Enterovirus; DENV, Dengue virus; WNV, West Nile virus; JEV, Japanese encephalitis virus; LGV, Langat virus.