Fig. 4.

Proliferation or death of CD8 T cells from type 1 diabetics or controls with sTNF or TNF07 compared to media. The WST-1 cell proliferative assay or the LDH cell death assay were used to study the effects of TNF or the TNF07 mutein on type 1 diabetic (T1D) or control (CTRL) CD8 T cells. a. Data shows that CD8 T cell proliferation measured in the WST-1 assays was greater with either TNF and even greater for TNF07 treated CD8 T cells compared to media alone. Also for each T1D compared to control CD8 T cells the diabetic proliferated was less: this was most pronounced with the TNF07 mutein. b. In an opposite fashion, cell death measure by LDH assay shows that CD8 diabetic T cells compared to control T cells were more susceptible to death, especially with TNF07 over sTNF. TNF07 induced death was greater in the type 1 diabetic (p = 0.05). Overall CD8 T cell proliferation, a trait of agonism of the TNFR2 receptor was greater for TNF07 than TNF and cell death of CD8 autoreactive T cells, a process driven by CD8 TNFR2 agonism is more pronounced in the diabetic. The data presents 10 normal donors and six type 1 diabetics