Table 4.
Altered Myocardial Gene Expression Steady mRNA Levels in Advanced Age, Hypertension, Heart Failure or after Growth Factors (from Ref. 52)
|
GROWTH FACTORS* |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RODENT Aging |
RODENT Hypertension |
TGFβ | FGF |
||
| acidic | basic | ||||
| SR Ca2+-ATPase | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ |
| Calsequestrin | ↔ | ↔ | |||
| Phospholamban | ↑ (rabbit) | ||||
| α Myosin Heavy Chain | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ | ↑ |
| β Myosin Heavy Chain | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ |
| β Tropomyosin | ↓ | ↑** | |||
| α Skeletal Actin | ↓ | ↑** | ↑ | ↓ | ↑ |
| ANF | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ |
| Proenkephalin | ↑ | ↓** | |||
| Gsα | ↓ | ||||
| β1 receptor | ↓ | ||||
| Fibronectin | ↑ | ↑ | |||
| Collagen type I | ↑ | ↑ | |||
| Collagen type III | ↑ | ↑ | |||
| Angiotensinogen | ↑ | ↑ | |||
| ACE | ↑ | ↑ | |||
| Retinoid X Receptor | |||||
| α | ↔ | ||||
| β | ↔ | ||||
| δ | ↓ | ||||
| Thyroid Receptors | |||||
| α1 | ↔ | ||||
| α2 | ↔ | ||||
| β1 | ↓ | ||||
Notes:
*
In neonatal cultured cardiocytes
**
Only transient changes occur in situ following cardiac pressure loading