Table 4.

Posterior odds ratios (ORs) with 95% credible intervals (CRIs) for the association between periconceptional cannabis use and anencephaly, esophageal atresia, diaphragmatic hernia, and gastroschisis, adjusted for underreporting of the exposure using Bayesian methods. Data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997–2005

	Anencephaly			Esophageal atresia			Diaphragmatic hernia			Gastroschisis
Scenario	OR	[95% CRI]	Half width ratioa	OR	[95% CRI]	Half width ratioa	OR	[95% CRI]	Half width ratioa	OR	[95% CRI]	Half width ratioa
No correction for underreporting	1.9	[1.1, 3.2]	0.54	1.3	[0.7, 2.1]	0.53	1.3	[0.9, 2.1]	0.45	1.4	[1.0, 1.9]	0.30
Non-differential underreporting
Sensitivity 0.80	2.0	[1.2, 3.4]	0.55	1.5	[0.9, 2.4]	0.53	1.5	[0.9, 2.3]	0.46	1.5	[1.1, 2.1]	0.32
Sensitivity 0.65	2.1	[1.2, 3.4]	0.54	1.6	[0.9, 2.5]	0.51	1.7	[1.1, 2.6]	0.45	1.6	[1.2, 2.2]	0.31
Sensitivity 0.50	2.0	[1.2, 3.3]	0.52	1.6	[0.9, 2.5]	0.50	1.8	[1.2, 2.7]	0.43	1.6	[1.2, 2.2]	0.30
Differential underreporting
Secases 0.80; Secontrols 0.75	1.9	[1.1, 3.2]	0.54	1.4	[0.8, 2.3]	0.53	1.5	[0.9, 2.2]	0.45	1.4	[1.1, 2.0]	0.32
Secases 0.80; Secontrols 0.70	1.8	[1.1, 3.1]	0.54	1.3	[0.8, 2.2]	0.53	1.4	[0.9, 2.1]	0.46	1.4	[1.0, 1.9]	0.32
Secases 0.65; Secontrols 0.60	2.0	[1.1, 3.2]	0.53	1.5	[0.9, 2.4]	0.50	1.6	[1.0, 2.4]	0.44	1.5	[1.1, 2.1]	0.31
Secases 0.65; Secontrols 0.55	1.9	[1.1, 3.0]	0.52	1.4	[0.9, 2.3]	0.50	1.6	[1.0, 2.4]	0.45	1.5	[1.1, 2.0]	0.31
Sensitivity not exactly known	2.1	[1.2, 3.6]	0.59	1.7	[1.0, 2.9]	0.57	1.8	[1.1, 3.0]	0.52	1.7	[1.2, 2.3]	0.35

^aHalf width ratio = ((upper limit 95% CRI - lower limit 95% CRI) / 2) / OR

Se, sensitivity