Table 2.

Intubation success stratified by patient, intubation, and operator characteristics.

Characteristics	First-Pass Success			Overall Success
	GVL, %	C-MAC, %	OR (95% CI)*	GVL, %	C-MAC, %	OR (95% CI)*
Sex
Male	80	81	0.5 (0.3–1.0)	96	96	0.8 (0.3–2.4)
Female	87	90	[Reference]	96	98	[Reference]
Trauma status
Trauma	81	81	0.7 (0.4–1.2)	95	96	0.6 (0.2–1.5)
Nontrauma	84	87	[Reference]	98	97	[Reference]
Number of DACs
0	90	94	[Reference]	98	99	[Reference]
1	91	85	0.6 (0.2–1.3)	100	96	0.6 (0.1–3.8)
2	74	80	0.3 (0.1–0.6)	91	98	0.2 (0–1.2)
3 or more	74	64	0.2 (0.1–0.4)	95	92	0.2 (0.1–1.1)
Reason for intubation
Airway protection	84	89	[Reference]	96	99	[Reference]
Respiratory failure	93	88	1.5 (0.6–3.4)	96	100	2.0 (0.3–16.4)
Cardiac arrest	57	59	0.2 (0.1–0.4)	93	84	0.2 (0.1–0.7)
Patient control	90	86	1.2 (0.4–3.1)	100	100	N/A†
Hypoxia	100	80	1.3 (0.2–10.6)	100	80	0.2 (0–2.1)
Reason for device
Standard	90	92	[Reference]	98	98	[Reference]
Difficult	78	74	0.3 (0.2–0.7)	95	94	0.3 (0.1–1.4)
Education	93	88	0.8 (0.3–2.0)	100	98	1.0 (0.1–7.4)
Operator PGY
EMR 1	74	75	[Reference]	96	975	[Reference]
EMR 2	84	90	2.2 (1.2–4.0)	98	98	1.7 (0.4–6.8)
EMR 3 or attending	86	84	2.0 (1.1–3.6)	94	95	0.6 (0.2–2.0)
Paralytic used
None	65	64	[Reference]	93	87	[Reference]
Rocuronium	89	88	4.1 (2.2–7.9)	98	99	6.6 (1.7–25.6)
Succinylcholine	83	89	3.3 (1.8–6.1)	96	98	3.7 (1.3–11.1)
Sedative used
None	66	65	[Reference]	91	87	[Reference]
Etomidate	85	88	3.4 (1.9–6.1)	97	98	4.5 (1.7–12.1)
Ketamine	83	85	2.9 (1.1–7.9)	100	100	N/A†
Propofol	100	89	8.0 (1.0–64.0)	100	100	N/A†
Other	N/A	100	0.5 (0–8.9)	100	100	N/A†

^*Univariate analysis.

^†Dropped because it predicted success perfectly.