Table 3.

MS serum cytokines differ from healthy controls.

Analyte	Secondary  RRMS acute  (ng/mL)	RRMS remission    (ng/mL)	MS   onset  (ng/mL)	Control    (ng/mL)
IL-2Ra	376.1 ± 71.7	301.5 ± 61.2	481.0 ± 303.5	36.3 ± 4.1
	P = 0.001	P < 0.04
IL-12p40	3892.5 ± 821.9	3248.8 ± 327.7	4016.3 ± 571.7	86.0 ± 6.1
	P = 0.003	P = 0.00014	P = 0.00008
IL-16	51.0 ± 10.8	123.6 ± 51.7	42.0 ± 13.1	241.1 ± 67.9
	P = 0.01
IL17A	119.0 ± 12.0	104.3 ± 8.9	82.7 ± 28.0	44.7 ± 6.3
	P < 0.0003	P = 0.0023
IL22	216.9 ± 15.0	162.6 ± 9.4	173.1 ± 28.8	149.4 ± 18.7
	P < 0.02
	* P = 0.007
IL23	530.2 ± 84.5	527.3 ± 27.2	585.3 ± 180.9	62.2 ± 8.9
	P < 0.0004	P = 0.000000002	P = 0.003
CCL2	821.1 ± 80.5	918.3 ± 54.8	1152.5 ± 192.5	145.6 ± 23.0
	P < 0.00002	P = 0.00000001	P < 0.005
CCL3	72.3 ± 18.2	73.1 ± 10.7	89.4 ± 10.8	35.7 ± 4.1
			P = 0.0002
CCL7	317.0 ± 65.4	286.7 ± 63.6	211.2 ± 93.5	119.8 ± 6.3
	P = 0.03
CCL27	4192.9 ± 773.6	4282.5 ± 912.8	3152.7 ± 582.9	854.6 ± 51.0
	P < 0.005		P < 0.002
CXCL1	362.7 ± 64.1	332.0 ± 48.7	379.9 ± 194.6	135.6 ± 40.6
	P = 0.02
CXCL9	2319.4 ± 687.2	1878.1 ± 314.4	967.2 ± 536.4	2461.8 ± 301.6
			P = 0.04
M-CSF	438.7 ± 75.4	401.1 ± 43.3	495.6 ± 142.0	37.3 ± 7.0
	P = 0.001	P = 0.00065	P < 0.005
MIF	368.3 ± 53.2	462.2 ± 43.2	173.5 ± 15.8	148.6 ± 38.9
	P = 0.01	P < 0.003
CXCL12	4089.7 ± 1952.1	2174.5 ± 188.5	1254.8 ± 22.6	2582.4 ± 166.5
			P < 0.001
TRAIL	283.1 ± 22.7	271.1 ± 72.0	332.5 ± 29.2	46.2 ± 1.5
	P = 0.000002		P = 0.000006