Table I.
Baseline characteristics of the patients.
| Characteristics | Control group | Add-on group |
|---|---|---|
| Patients (n) | 33 | 39 |
| Age (years) | 53.06±10.36 | 55.31±11.79 |
| Male (n) | 16 | 19 |
| Weight (kg) | 65.35±15.36 | 63.57±12.63 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.10±4.36 | 24.5±4.01 |
| FPG (mmol/l) | 5.85±1.16 | 5.91±1.24 |
| HbA1c (%) | 6.72±1.15 | 6.65±1.01 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 121±14 | 120±11 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 83±7 | 81±8 |
| UACR (µg/mg) | 65.18±8.52 | 63.33±8.17 |
| Serum creatinine (mmol/l) | 52.13±7.30 | 51.50±7.05 |
| Urinary osteopontin (pg/ml) | 829.75±103.12 | 838.41±130.08 |
| Urinary KIM-1 (pg/ml) | 298.14±12.64 | 295.08±10.11 |
| SOD (U/ml) | 56.16±8.21 | 57.54±8.90 |
| GSH-Px (U/l) | 136.6±16.1 | 139.2±15.7 |
| T-AOC (U/ml) | 2.06±0.35 | 2.10±0.37 |
| MDA (nmmol/ml) | 9.03±1.25 | 9.32±1.06 |
| U-8-OHdG (ng/mg creatinine) | 11.12±1.25 | 11.25±1.39 |
| VCAM-1 (ng/ml) | 682.36±55.14 | 693.63±61.57 |
| CRP (mg/l) | 1.95±0.35 | 1.93±0.29 |
| HMW-APN (mg/ml) | 5.01±0.89 | 5.14±1.06 |
| Peak systolic velocity (cm/sec) | 22.53±3.10 | 23.10±3.51 |
| Minimal diastolic velocity (cm/sec) | 8.61±1.23 | 8.93±1.21 |
| RI | 0.71±0.04 | 0.70±0.03 |
| Renal volume (cm3) | 120.10±18.35 | 119.04±16.17 |
Unless otherwise indicated, data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; UACR, urine albumin-to-creatine ratio; KIM-1, kidney injury molecule-1; SOD, superoxide dismutase; GSH-Px, glutathione peroxidase; T-AOC, total-antioxidant capacity; MDA, malondialdehyde; U-8-OHdG, urinary 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine; VCAM-1, vascular adhesion molecule-1; CRP, C-reactive protein; HMW-APN, high molecular weight adiponectin; RI, renal arterial resistance index.