Table 1.
Risk factors associated with AV grade III–IV, symptomatic vasospasm and cerebral infarction on CT scan
| Category | No. of patients | AV grade III–IV |
Symptomatic vasospasm |
Cerebral infarction |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | p value | N (%) | p value | N (%) | p value | |||
| Total cases | 370 | 95 (26) | 89 (24) | 73 (20) | ||||
| Hunt-Hess grade | I–II | 202 | 36 (18) | 0.0001 | 32 (16) | < 0.0001 | 23 (11) | < 0.0001 |
| III–IV | 168 | 59 (35) | 57 (34) | 50 (30) | ||||
| SAH grade on CT scan | 0–II | 154 | 10 (6) | < 0.0001 | 8 (5) | < 0.0001 | 7 (5) | < 0.0001 |
| III–IV | 216 | 85 (39) | 81 (38) | 66 (31) | ||||
| Type of hemorrhage on CT scan * | SAH alone | 317 | 73 (23) | 0.0016 | 68 (21) | 0.0016 | 54 (17) | 0.0005 |
| ICH or/and IVH | 50 | 22 (44) | 21 (42) | 19 (38) | ||||
| Rebleeding | Absent | 328 | 77 (23) | 0.0067 | 74 (23) | 0.0604 | 57 (17) | 0.0014 |
| Present | 42 | 18 (43) | 15 (36) | 16 (38) | ||||
| Cigarette smoking | Nonsmoker | 202 | 39 (19) | 0.0008 | 39 (19) | 0.0163 | 34 (17) | 0.0834 |
| Current regular or former smokers | 148 | 52 (35) | 45 (30) | 36 (24) | ||||
| Hypertension | Absent | 182 | 36 (20) | 0.0062 | 30 (16) | 0.0009 | 23 (13) | 0.0010 |
| Present | 179 | 58 (32) | 56 (31) | 47 (26) | ||||
| Alcohol intake | Occasional or no drinking | 239 | 53 (22) | 0.0275 | 54 (23) | 0.2966 | 48 (20) | 0.9508 |
| Daily drinking | 108 | 36 (33) | 30 (28) | 22 (20) | ||||
| WBC count | < 10,000/mm 3 | 157 | 33 (21) | 0.0783 | 26 (17) | 0.0037 | 26 (17) | 0.1884 |
| ≥ 10,000/mm 3 | 213 | 62 (29) | 63 (30) | 47 (22) | ||||
| Serum glucose level | < 130 mg/dl | 80 | 17 (21) | 0.3258 | 12 (15) | 0.0311 | 8 (10) | 0.0133 |
| ≥ 130 mg/dl | 285 | 76 (27) | 76 (27) | 64 (22) | ||||
| QTc time (ms) on ECG | < 450 | 137 | 25 (18) | 0.0362 | 27 (20) | 0.1163 | 19 (14) | 0.0376 |
| ≥ 450 | 191 | 54 (28) | 52 (27) | 44 (23) | ||||
| LVH on ECG | Absent | 224 | 40 (18) | 0.0001 | 34 (15) | < 0.0001 | 30 (13) | 0.0001 |
| Present | 118 | 43 (36) | 49 (42) | 36 (31) | ||||
| ST depression on ECG | Absent | 282 | 62 (22) | 0.0327 | 60 (21) | 0.0051 | 48 (17) | 0.0207 |
| Present | 60 | 21 (35) | 23 (38) | 18 (30) | ||||
*Three patients with subdural hematoma are not included. AV: angiographic vasospasm, CT: computed tomography, ECG: electrocardiogram, ICH: intracerebral hemorrhage, IVH: intraventricular hemorrhage, LVH: left ventricular hypertrophy, SAH: subarachnoid hemorrhage, WBC: white blood cell.