Table 2.
Metabolic and other laboratory assessments of 156 perinatally HIV-infected South African children suppressed on ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (LPV/r)-based treatment and randomized to either maintain the LPV/r-based regimen or switch to a nevirapine (NVP)-based regimen
| Randomization Group | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Measure | combined (n=156) |
LPV/r (n=85) |
NVP (n=71) |
p-valuea | |
| Total Cholesterol, mmol/L(mg/dL) | Mean±SD | 4.3±0.9 (166±36) | 4.4±1.0 (171±39) | 4.1±0.8 (161±31) | 0.097 |
| Acceptable: <4.4 (<170) | n (%) | 97 (62.2) | 45 (52.9) | 52 (73.2) | 0.030 |
| Borderline: 4.4–5.1 (170–199) | 37 (23.7) | 24 (28.2) | 13 (18.3) | ||
| Elevated: ≥5. (≥200) | 22 (14.1) | 16 (18.8) | 6 (8.5) | ||
| HDL, mmol/L(mg/dL) | Mean±SD | 1.4±0.4 (54±15) | 1.3±0.4 (51±14) | 1.5±0.4 (59±16) | <0.001 |
| Abnormal: <0.9 (<35) | n (%) | 9 (5.8) | 7 (8.2) | 2 (2.8) | 0.183 |
| Normal:≥0.9 ≥ 35) | 147 (94.2) | 78 (91.8) | 69 (97.2) | ||
| LDL, mmol/L(mg/dL) | Mean±SD | 2.4±0.8 (94±32) | 2.6±0.9 (100±34) | 2.3±0.7 (88±27) | 0.018 |
| Acceptable: <2.9 (<110) | n (%) | 112 (71.8) | 56 (65.9) | 56 (78.9) | 0.156 |
| Borderline: 2.9–3.3 (110–129) | 26 (16.7) | 16 (18.8) | 10 (14.1) | ||
| Elevated: ≥ 3.4 ≥ 130) | 18 (11.5) | 13 (15.3) | 5 (7.0) | ||
| Total Cholesterol : HDL Ratio | Mean±SD | 3.3±1.0 | 3.6±1.1 | 2.9±0.9 | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L(mg/dL) | Mean±SD | 0.9±0.4 (84±36) | 1.1±0.4 (94±39) | 0.8±0.3 (72±29) | <0.001 |
| Normal: ≤1.69 (≤150) | n (%) | 143 (91.7) | 74 (87.1) | 69 (97.2) | 0.038 |
| Abnormal: >1.69 (>150) | 13 (8.3) | 11 (12.9) | 2 (2.8) | ||
| C-Reactive Protein, mg/L | Mean±SD | 6.3±15.3 | 3.5±6.1 | 9.6±21.4 | 0.023 |
| Normal: ≤ 3 | n (%) | 115 (73.7) | 69 (81.2) | 46 (64.8) | 0.021 |
| Elevated: >3 | 41 (26.3) | 16 (18.8) | 25 (35.2) | ||
| Glucose, mmol/L(mg/dL) | Mean±SD | 5.3±0.5 (96±8.2) | 5.4±0.4 (97±7.4) | 5.3±0.5 (96±9.1) | 0.566 |
| Normal: <6.11 (<110) | n (%) | 154 (98.7) | 84 (98.8) | 70 (98.6) | 0.898 |
| Impaired: ≥6.11 (≥110) | 2 (1.3) | 1 (1.2) | 1 (1.4) | ||
| HOMA-IR | Mean±SD | 1.05±0.7 | 1.04±0.6 | 1.08±0.8 | 0.716 |
| Normal: ≤ 3.16 | n (%) | 152 (98.1) | 85 (100.0) | 67 (95.7) | 0.090 |
| Insulin Resistance: >3.16 | 3 (1.9) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (4.3) | ||
Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; IQR, inter-quartile range
a
LPV/r- and NVP-groups were compared using the Wilcoxon rank sum test and t-test for continuous variables and chi-squared or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables