Fig. 4.

PhLHY regulates daily timing of gene expression and volatile emission in the FVBP pathway. (A–O) Daily expression patterns of clock genes and genes encoding proteins in the FVBP pathway in the transgenic line (line 37) with constitutive PhLHY expression (A–E) and in the transgenic lines (lines 46 and 47) with altered PhLHY expression (F–O). Gene expression values were normalized by the average expression values of hours 0–12. (P–U) Daily scent emission patterns of methyl benzoate (P, R, and T) and benzyl benzoate (Q, S, and U) in transgenic line 37 (P and Q) and in transgenic lines 46 and 47 (R–U). Results represent means ± SEM from three biological replicates. The line color of the graphs corresponds to its placement within the FVBP pathway (Fig. 1A; *P < 0.05, daily expression and scent emission patterns of transgenic lines differ significantly from WT Petunia; two-way ANOVA).