Fig 3. HMB activates mTOR and promotes protein synthesis in Neuro2a cells.

(A) Neuro2a cells were pre-treated with rapamycin 20nM or Torin1 10 nM and then were treated with 25 μM HMB for 30 min. Western blot analysis was performed using specific antibodies against phospho- and total-antibodies mTOR. (B) Protein synthesis was measured in Neuro2a cells incubated with 25 μM HMB for 2 hours in the absence (n = 10) or presence of inhibitors of PI3K/Akt (LY294002 20μM), ERK1/2 (PD98059 10μM) or mTOR (rapamycin 20nM). Pretreatment of inhibitors occurred as in Fig 2. Results represent means ± SEM (n = 4). * p<0.05 versus control cells. # p<0.05 versus HMB treated cells.